A Suggested Change in Terminology and Emphasis Regarding Validity and Education

Abstract

This article raises a number of questions about the current unified theory of test validity that has construct validity at its center. The authors suggest a different way of conceptualizing the problem of establishing validity by considering whether the focus of the investigation of a test is internal to the test itself or focuses on constructs and relationships that are external to the test. They also consider whether the perspective on the test examination is theoretical or practical. The resulting taxonomy, encompassing both investigative focus and perspective, serves to organize a reconceptualization of the field of validity studies. The authors argue that this approach, together with changes in the rest of the terminology regarding validity, leads to a more understandable and usable model.