This study investigated the hypothesized relationship between internal locus of control and academic achievement among a sample of 187 students in Grades 8 through 12 using the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale for Children. Analysis indicated that students in the higher GPA group reported higher scores on internal locus of control.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
CohenJ. (1988) Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. (2nd ed.) Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
2.
ErdfelderE.FaulE.BuchnerA. (1996) GPOWER: a general power analysis program. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 28, 1–11.
3.
JanssenT.CartonJ. (1999) The effects of locus of control and task difficulty on procrastination. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 160, 436–443.
4.
KalechsteinA. D.NowickiS.Jr. (1997) A meta-analytic examination of the relationship between control expectancies and academic achievement. Genetic, Social and General Psychology Monographs, 123, 29–57.
5.
LeoneC.BurnsJ. (2000) The measurement of locus of control: assessing more than meets the eye?The Journal of Psychology, 134, 63–76.
6.
NowickiS.StricklandB. R. (1973) Locus of control scale for children. Journal of Counseling & Clinical Psychology, 40, 148–154.
7.
NunnG. D.MontgomeryJ. D.NunnS. J. (1986) Criterion-related validity of the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale with academic achievement. Psychology: A Quarterly Journal of Human Behavior, 23, 9–11.
8.
RotterJ. B. (1954) Social learning and clinical psychology. New York: Prentice-Hall.
9.
RotterJ. B. (1966) Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Journal of Educational Research, 74, 185–190.
10.
SkaalvikE. M.SkaalvikS. (2004) Self-concept and self-efficacy: a test of the internal/external frame of reference model and predictions of subsequent motivation and achievement. Psychological Reports, 95, 187–202.
