The study is based on the hypothesis that “jiritsu” comprises two major components, namely, “integrated dependence” and “independence.” The aim was to examine the components of jiritsu of 430 middle-aged Japanese women and to compare the structural elements of jiritsu between young and middle-aged Japanese women. Analysis showed that the structural concept of jiritsu of the middle-aged women was nearer to the hypothetical concept than that of the 479 young women.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
FujiiK.[Self-cognition in adolescence.][The Scientific report of Kyoto Prefectural University, Humanities], 1983, 35, 77–91. [Japanese, English summary]
2.
FukudaA., & OgawaK.[Dependency arid sex role in interpersonal relationships.][Bulletin of Faculty of Education, Yokohama National University], 1988, 28, 21–39. [Japanese, English summary]
3.
KajitaE.[Psychology of self-consciousness.]Tokyo: Tokyo Univer. Press, 1984. [Japanese]
4.
KamitaniY.The structure of jiritsu (socially sensitive independence) in young Japanese women. Psychological Reports, 1993, 72, 855–866.
5.
KatoT., & TakagiH.[The development of sense of independence and the self-concept in adolescence.][Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology], 1980, 28, 336–340. [Japanese, English summary]
6.
KimuraB.[Relationship between others and myself: theory on Japanese in psychopathological aspect.]Tokyo: Kobundo, 1972. [Japanese]
7.
MussenP. H.CongerJ. J., & KagenJ.Child development and personality.New York: Harper & Row, 1974.
8.
SekiC.[A study of dependency from a point of view of personality adjustment: in relation to self-image.][Annual Reports of Institute for Psycho-Therapy, Kyoto University], 1982, 9, 230–249. [Japanese]
9.
TakahashtK.[The dependent behavior in female adolescents.][Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology], 1968, 16, 7–16. [Japanese, English summary]
10.
TakahashiK.[Development of dependency.] In OkamotoN.FurusawaY.TakanoS.HatanoG., & FujinagaT. (Eds.), [Child psychology series]Vol. VIII. Tokyo: Kanekoshobo, 1978. Pp. 100–129. [Japanese]
11.
YamamotoR.[A study on both sides of one's own self: an investigation of developmental trends from adolescence to adulthood and sex differences.][Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology], 1989, 37, 302–311. [Japanese, English summary]
