The present aim was to estimate the internal reliability and convergent validity of the Depression-Happiness Scale. Internal reliability was .90, and higher scores on the Depression-Happiness Scale were associated with more internal control (.28), higher self-esteem (.36), and lower trait anxiety (–.69) among 45 undergraduates at the University of Ulster. The results provide some evidence for the validation of the Depression-Happiness Scale as well as confirming previous research on the correlates of happiness.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
ArgyleM. (1987) The psychology of happiness. New York Methuen.
2.
LewisC. A.JosephS. (in press) Convergent validity of the Depression-Happiness Scale with measures of happiness and satisfaction with life. Psychological Reports, 1994, in press.
3.
McGrealR.JosephS. (1993) The Depression-Happiness Scale. Psychological Reports, 73, 1279–1282.
4.
RosenbergM. (1965) Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univer. Press.
5.
RotterJ. B. (1966) Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs, 80, No. 1 (Whole No. 609).
6.
SpielbergerC. D.GorsuchR. L.LusheneR. E. (1970) STAI: Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
