Miller and Kottke reply to Willemsen's 1993 critique of Kottke's 1988 paper. We believe that Willemsen may have overstated the purpose of Kottke's study Kottke's intention was not to develop a new measure of androgyny or to provide a definitive answer to whether masculinity and femininity are bipolar concepts but rather to show that the concept of androgyny requires additional theoretical and empirical clarification, particularly in its measurement.
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