For 152 psychiatric inpatients scores on the Beck Depression Scale, State form of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Self-report Inventory, Hopelessness Scale and 3 MMPI scales, Hypochondriasis, Schizophrenia, and Hypomania, were factor analyzed. The two factors appeared to confirm Gotlib's 1984 suggestion that such questionnaires measure general distress, as responding endorses negative affect.
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