Contributing factors such as fear of fear, stress, and dependency needs were discussed, and it was suggested that several diagnostic groups should be compared to determine which factors might be specific to agoraphobia. A two-factor theory and preparedness hypothesis were evaluated, and it was concluded that cognitive processes must be considered for a fuller understanding of the onset of agoraphobia. It was argued that the effectiveness of exposure in vivo is based on three essential components, viz., development of self-confidence, acceptance of anxiety, and acquisition of coping skills.
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