11 independent sources of variance in free-word association attributable to differences in stimulus words were delineated. Almost all of these characteristics were noted long ago in separate univariate experiments, but the fact that these were independent effects has not been noted.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
CarterH. D.Emotional factor in verbal learning: Evidence from reaction time. Journal of Educational Psychology, 1937, 28, 101–108.
2.
CarterH. D.A preliminary study of free association: Twin similarities and the technique of measurement. Journal of Psychology, 1938, 4, 201–215.
3.
CattellJ. M.BryantS.Mental association investigated by experiment. Mind, 1889, 14, 230–250.
4.
CattellR. B.The meaning and strategic use of factor analysis. In CattellR. B. (Ed.), Handbook of multivariate experimental psychology. Chicago: Rand McNally, 1966. Pp. 174–243.
5.
CraneH. W.A study in association reaction and reaction time. Psychological Monographs, 1915, 18, No. 4 (Whole No. 80).
6.
HarmanH. H.Modern factor analysis. (2nd ed.) Chicago: Univer. of Chicago Press, 1967.
7.
HowesD.OsgoodC. E.On the combination of associative probabilities in linguistic contexts. American Journal of Psychology, 1954, 67, 241–258.
8.
KentG. H.RosanoffA. J.A study of association in insanity. American Journal of Insanity, 1910, 67, 317–377.
9.
KohsS. C.The association method in its relation to the complex and complex indicators. American Journal of Psychology, 1914, 25, 544–595.
10.
LaffalJ.Response faults in word association as a function of response entropy. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 1955, 50, 265–270.
11.
MefferdR. B.Jr.Word association: Semantic, syntactic, and affective dimensions of ambiguous words. Psychological Reports, 1979, 45, 359–374.
12.
MoranL. J.Generality of word association response sets. Psychological Monographs, 1966, 80, No. 4 (Whole No. 612).
13.
MoranL. J.MefferdR. B.Jr.KimbleJ. P.Jr.Idiodynamic sets in word associations. Psychological Monographs, 1964, 78, No. 2 (Whole No. 579).
14.
ThorndikeE. L.LorgeI.The teacher's word book of 30,000 words. New York: Columbia Univer., 1944.
15.
ThumbA.MarbeK.Experimentelle Untersuchungen uber die psychologischen Grundlagen der sprachlichen Analogiebildung. Leipzig: Engelmann, 1901.
16.
TolmanE. C.JohnsonI.A note on association time and feeling. American Journal of Psychology, 1918, 29, 187–195.
17.
WoodworthR. S.SchlosbergH.Experimental psychology. New York: Holt, 1954.