26 rats and two pigeons were trained on a variety of counting schedules, all requiring a sequence of responses on one lever followed by a response on a second lever. Following the counting schedules, subjects were switched to differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate contingencies. None of the pretraining schedules resulted in reliable use of the counting lever for collateral responding during the DRL interresponse time.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AdamsR. M.WalkerS. F.Stimulus control of counting-like behavior in rats. Psychonomic Science, 1972, 29, 167–169.
HearstE.KoreskoM. B.PoppenR.Stimulus generalization and the response-reinforcement contingency. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1964, 7, 369–380.
4.
HodosW.RossG. S.BradyJ. V.Complex response patterns during temporally spaced responding. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1962, 5, 473–479.
5.
HurwitzH. M. B.Some properties of behavior under fixed ratio and counting schedules. British Journal of Psychology, 1962, 53, 167–173.
6.
KramerT. J.RillingM.Differential reinforcement of low rates: A selective critique. Psychological Bulletin, 1970, 4, 225–254.
7.
LatiesV. G.WeissB.ClarkR. L.ReynoldsM. D.Overt “mediating” behavior and the discrimination of time. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1965, 8, 107–116.
8.
LatiesV. G.WeissB.WeissA. B.Further observations on overt “mediating” behavior and the discrimination of time. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1969, 12, 43–57.
9.
McGownW. P.SpencerW. B.NeetzR.An investigation of collateral wood-chewing as a time-mediational device. Psychological Reports, 1977, 41, 1063–1069.
10.
McMillanD. E.CampbellR. J.Effects of d-amphetamine and chlordiazepoxide on spaced responding in pigeons. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1970, 14, 177–184.
11.
MechnerF.GuevrekianL.Effects of deprivation upon counting and timing in rats. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1962, 5, 463–466.
12.
SegalE.Reinforcement of mediating behavior on a spaced-responding schedule. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1963, 6, 39–48.
13.
SlonakerR. L.WhitesideG.Collateral behaviors and the DRL performance of thirteen-line ground squirrels (Spermophilus tridecemlinedus). Paper presented at the Rocky Mountain Psychological Association Meeting, Denver, 1974.
14.
SmithJ. B.ClarkF. C.Intercurrent and reinforced behavior under multiple spaced-responding schedules. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1974, 21. 445–454.
15.
WilliamsD.WilliamsH.Auto-maintenance in the pigeon: Sustained despite contingent non-reinforcement. Journal of the Experimental Analysis Behavior, 1969, 12, 511–520.
