10 exceptional children ages 3 to 16 yr. matched-to-sample with either one response (single sample-response condition) or 5 or 10 responses (multiple sample-response condition) requited on the sample to produce the comparison stimuli. Accuracy increased going from the single to the multiple sample-response condition and decreased when the multiple sample-response requirement was changed to a single sample response. Acquisition of the task by two of the subjects was facilitated by the increased sample-response requirement.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
CohenL. R.LooneyT. A.BradyJ. H.AucellaA. F.Differential sample response schedules in the acquisition of conditional discriminations by pigeons. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1976, 26, 301–314.
2.
CummingW. W.BerrymanR.The complex discriminated operant: studies of matching-to-sample and related problems. In MostofskyD. (Ed.), Stimulus generalization. Palo Alto: Stanford Univer. Press, 1965. Pp. 284–330.
3.
D'AmatoM. R.Delayed matching and short-term memory in monkeys. In BowerG. H. (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation. Vol. 7. New York: Academic Press, 1973. Pp. 227–269.
4.
EllsmoreT. F.Effects of response effort on discrimination performance. Psychological Record, 1971, 21, 17–24.
5.
FersterC. B.HammerC. E.Jr.Synthesizing the components of arithmetic behavior. In HonigW. K. (Ed.), Operant behavior: areas of research and application. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1966. Pp. 634–676.
6.
GoldsteinD.ScheererM.Abstract and concrete behavior—an experimental study with special tests. Psychological Monographs, 1941, 53, No. 2 (Whole No. 239).
7.
GonzalezR. C.BainbridgeP.BittermanM. E.Discrete trial lever pressing in the rat as a function of pattern of reinforcement, effortfulness of response, and amount of reward. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 1966, 61, 110–122.
8.
HealL. W.BranskyM. L.The comparison of matching-to-sample with discrimination learning in retardates. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 1966, 71, 481–485.
9.
HeapsR. S.The performance of children on concurrent schedules of matching-to-sample and lever pressing. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Utah State Univer., 1974.
10.
LydersonT.PerkinsD.Effects of response-produced stimuli upon conditional discrimination performances. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1974, 21, 307–314.
11.
LydersonT.PerkinsD.ChairezH.Effects of fixed-ratio sample and choice response requirements upon oddity matching. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1977, 25, 97–101.
12.
MooreR. C.GoldiamondI.Errorless establishment of visual discrimination using fading procedures. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1964, 7, 269–272.
13.
ReeseE. (Producer) Born to succeed: behavioral procedures in the classroom; teaching number concepts to the mentally retarded. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. 1972. (Film).
14.
SacksR. A.KamilC. A.MackR.The effects of fixed ratio sample requirements on matching-to-sample in the pigeon. Psychonomic Science, 1972, 26, 291–293.
15.
ShermanJ. A.Imitation and language development. In ReeseH. W. (Ed.), Advances in child development and behavior. New York: Academic Press, 1971. Pp. 239–272.
16.
SidmanM.StoddardL. T.Programming perception and learning for retarded children. In EllisN. R. (Ed.), International review of research in mental retardation. Vol. II. New York: Academic Press, 1966. Pp. 151–208.
17.
SidmanM.StoddardL. T.The effectiveness of fading in programming a simultaneous form discrimination for retarded children. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1967, 10, 3–15.
18.
SidmanM.StoddardL. T.MohrV. P.Some additional qualitative observations of immediate memory in a patient with bilateral hippocampal lesions. Neuropsychologia, 1968, 6, 245–254.
19.
TermanL. M.The Stanford Revision of the Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1917.
20.
WeinsteinB.The evolution of intelligent behavior in Rhesus monkeys. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 1945, 31, 3–42.
21.
WilliamsB. A.Color alternation learning in the pigeon under fixed-ratio schedules of reinforcement. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1971, 15, 129–140. (a)
22.
WilliamsB. A.Fixed-ratio schedules of reinforcement as a determinant of successive discrimination reversal learning. Psychonomic Science, 1971, 25, 143–144. (b)
