571 male members of volunteer groups and 699 nonvolunteers scored significantly differently on Cattell's 16 PF scale, volunteers being extroverted (out-going, happy-go-lucky, venturesome, and tenderminded), and scoring lower on shrewd, liberal, and self-sufficient.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BradburnN.The structure of psychological well-being. Chicago: Aldine, 1969.
2.
BradburnN.CaplovitzD. S.Reports on happiness. Chicago: Aldine, 1965.
3.
Institute for Personality and Ability Testing.Manual for the 16 PF. Champaign, Ill.: IPAT, 1972.
4.
JacksonR.WinklerR. C.A comparison of pledges and independents. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 1964, 43, 379–383.
5.
PayneR.PayneB. P.ReddyR. D.Social background and role determinants of individual participation in organized voluntary action. In SmithD. H.ReddyR. D.BaldwinB. R. (Eds.), Voluntary action research, 1972. Lexington, Mass.: Heath, 1972. Pp. 207–250.
6.
PhillipsL. S.Social participation and happiness. American Journal of Sociology, 1967, 72, 479–488.
7.
ReddyR. D.SmithD. H.Personality and capacity determination of individual participation in organized voluntary action. In SmithD. H.ReddyR. D.BaldwinB. R. (Eds.), Voluntary action research, 1972. Lexington, Mass.: Heath, 1972. Pp. 277–298.
8.
SillsD.Voluntary associations: Sociological aspects. In SillsD. (Ed.), International encyclopedia of the social sciences. Vol. 16. New York: Macmillan and Free Press, 1968. Pp. 362–379.
9.
SmithC.FreedmanA.Voluntary associations: Perspectives on the literature. Cambridge: Harvard Univer. Press, 1972.
10.
SmithD. H.A psychological model of individual participation in formal voluntary organizations: Application of some Chilean data. American Journal of Sociology, 1966, 72, 249–266.
11.
SmithD. H.ReddyR. D.BaldwinB. R.Types of voluntary action: A definitional essay. In SmithD. H.ReddyR. D.BaldwinB. R. (Eds.), Voluntary action research, 1972. Lexington, Mass.: Heath, 1972. Pp. 159–195.
