The conclusions of Bernhardson and Fisher regarding the “direct contribution” of the social desirability scale value and judged probability of occurrence in the population to the prediction of the proportion of respondents answering True to personality items were re-examined basing new estimates of “direct contribution” upon multiple regression model comparisons which emphasize the common “contribution” between the judged probability of occurrence and social desirability and are not influenced by the ordering of variables in the regression equation.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AppelbaumM. I.CramerE. M.Some problems in the nonorthogonal analysis of variance. Psychological Bulletin, 1974, 81, 335–343.
2.
BernhardsonC. S.Social desirability, endorsement, and judged frequency of occurrence on the items from four social desirability scales. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1971, 33, 1007–1012.
3.
BernhardsonC. S.FisherR. J.Perceptions of social desirability and frequency of occurrence of traits and the probability that the traits will be endorsed. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1970, 30, 571–576.
4.
BottenbergR. A.WardJ. H.Jr.Applied multiple linear regression. Technical Report PRL-TDR-63-6, 1963.
5.
EdwardsA. L.The measurement of personality traits by scales and inventories. New York: Holt, 1970.
6.
EdwardsA. L.AbbottR. D.Measurement of personality traits: Theory and techniques. Annual Review of Psychology, 1973, 24, 241–278.
7.
GibsonW. A.Orthogonal predictors: A possible resolution of the Hoffman-Ward controversy. Psychological Reports, 1962, 11, 32–34.
HoffmanP. J.Assessment of the independent contributions of predictors. Psychological Bulletin, 1962, 59, 77–80.
10.
JacksonD. N.MessickS.A distinction between judgments of frequency and of desirability as determinants of response. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 1969, 29, 273–294.
11.
JacksonD. N.MessickS.Judged frequency of endorsement and frequency of occurrence scale values and dispersions for MMPI items. Psychological Reports, 1973, 33, 183–191.
12.
PughR. C.The partitioning of criterion score variance accounted for in multiple correlation. American Educational Research Journal, 1968, 5, 639–646.
13.
WahlerH. J.Item popularity and social desirability in the MMPI. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1965, 49, 439–445.
14.
WalshJ. A.PenberthyD. K.EarleyS. R.Relationship between estimated occurrence and social desirability scale value of objective personality items. Psychological Reports, 1969, 24, 621–622.
15.
WardJ. H.Jr.Comments on “The paramorphic representation of clinical judgments.”Psychological Bulletin, 1962, 59, 74–76.
16.
WardJ. H.Jr.Note on the independent contribution of a predictor. Psychological Reports, 1963, 12, 197–198.
17.
WardJ. H.Jr.Partitioning of variance and contribution or importance of a variable: A visit to a graduate seminar. American Educational Research Journal, 1969, 6, 467–474.
18.
WertsC. E.The partitioning of variance in school effects studies. American Educational Research Journal, 1968, 5, 311–318.
19.
WigginsJ. S.Personality and prediction. New York: Addison-Wesley, 1973.
20.
WigginsJ. S.LovellV. R.Communality and favorability as sources of method variance in the MMPI. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 1965, 25, 399–412.
