24 first-grade girls making immature responses to Piagetian intentionality stories were given social reinforcement for matching the mature responses of peer or adult models. 24 matched controls performed with peer or adult partners but received neither social reinforcement nor modeling. Group results showed both significant short-term and delayed gains in judgments of intentionality (p < .05). Individual results, however, showed that 9 of 24 Ss failed to make lasting gains, indicating great individual differences in susceptibility to such training effects.
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