Explicit and Inexplicit Guidance in Problem Solving and Ability to State Principles

Abstract

Problem solving of Ss who were given explicit verbal information and Ss who were given nonexplicit visual information before practice was studied. When Ss were given explicit information, those who verbalized a principle after practice solved significantly more problems than those who did not verbalize a principle, while when Ss were given nonexplicit information, no difference was found with respect to number of problems solved between Ss who verbalized a principle and those who did not.