The physical attributes of six types of tokens commonly used in token economies are discussed. The relative advantages and disadvantages of each are presented, and a token which would have several advantages and few disadvantages is suggested.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AyllonT.AzrinN. H.The token economy. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1968.
2.
BirnbrauerJ. S.WolfM.KidderJ. D.TagueL. E.Classroom behavior of retarded pupils with token reinforcements. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1965, 2, 214–235.
3.
ColemanA. D.BorenJ. D.An information system for measuring patient behavior and its use by staff. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1969, 2, 207–214.
4.
DavisonG. C.Appraisal of behavior modification techniques with adults in institutional settings. In FranksC. M. (Ed.), Behavior therapy: Appraisal and status. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1969. Pp. 220–278.
5.
HickeyR. H.Poker chips and lodges. In UpperD. S.GoodenoughD. S. (Eds.), Behavior modification in out-placement settings. Nutley, N. J.: Roche Labs, 1971. Pp. 10–30.
6.
KazdinA. C.BootzinR. B.The token economy: An evaluative review. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1972, 5, 343–372.
7.
LehrerR.SchiffL.KrisA.The use of a credit card in a token economy. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1970, 3, 289–291.
