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Abstract

Two 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 4 repeated measures analyses of variance were used to assess the effects of sex of S, race of S, sex of E, race of E, E-replications within characteristics and trials on responsiveness during nonreinforcement and reinforcement (verbal approval) conditions. Ss were 96 children from the Headstart program. They ranged in age from 60 to 72 mo. and were equally divided according to sex and race (black and white) characteristics so as to form 4 groups of 24 Ss each. Chi-square analyses of responsiveness of adjacent nonreinforcement and reinforcement conditions indicated that there was a reinforcement effect. Analysis of variance indicated significant differences were manifest in responsiveness under nonreinforcement conditions for sex of S, sex of E and E-replications. Significant interactions for sex by race of S and sex by race of E were also found. Similar effects were found in responsiveness under reinforcement conditions except that the interaction of sex by race of E which was not manifest.

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Effects of Race and Sex of Experimenter and Subject on Responsiveness during Nonreinforcement and Reinforcement Conditions

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