Infant rats were given 20 predictable or unpredictable, high or low intensity shocks at 13 or 14 days of age. The animals were subsequently tested for “emotionality” at 70 days of age in an open field. Unpredictably shocked Ss were significantly more active than Ss given predictable shocks, irrespective of shock intensity. It was suggested that the greater activity of the unpredictably shocked Ss was the result of greater emotionality in the test situation.
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