The lactose and xylose preferences of deermice (Peromyscus) were examined. In addition, the xylose and ribose preferences of male Holtzman rats were examined. The mice were given 24-hr. choices of water, 8 and 16% lactose and later water, 16 and 32% xylose. The rats were given similar 24-hr. tests for xylose and ribose. In 2 mice species, originating in similar natural habitats, water or 8% lactose was preferred. Only in the desert-dwelling species was a 16% lactose preference found. Xylose was avoided more than lactose. Laboratory rats uniformly avoided xylose and ribose. These aversions are compared to preferences and aversions for other substances reportedly judged as “sweet” by humans.
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