A recent study by Heap, Boblitt, Moore, and Hord (1970), comparing the combined effects of token economy, milieu, and attitude therapies with a no-treatment chronic ward control group, is criticized because of several methodological deficiencies: confounding of several treatment modalities, incomparable living arrangements for experimentals and controls, and the absence of an “attention-placebo” control group. An alternative experimental design is offered and suggestions for further research employing token economic methods are outlined.
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