48 male Ss were presented 24 items, half as words and half as simple line drawings, with or without instructions to try to remember them. Ss given a learning set reported rehearsing items during stimulus presentation, while non-set Ss did not. Free recall performance showed a serial-position factor which interacted with the set-non-set condition; primacy was much stronger and recency somewhat weaker for the rehearsing (set) Ss. This result supports conjectures of other investigators concerning the effects of rehearsal on serial position phenomena.
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