Validation studies were carried out for a measure of achievement motivation, Achievement-Orientation (AO), which was derived from the California Psychological Inventory. Four experiments used the AO scale as a dependent variable to be manipulated by appropriate instructions. Ss were males, from the Midwest and West Coast, from fraternity and dormitory groups at four universities; 167 Ss were in the experimental and control groups, 1221 in the normative groups. Strong evidence for the validity of the AO scale was found.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AtkinsonJ. W. (Ed.) Motives in fantasy, action, and society. Princeton: Van Nostrand, 1958.
2.
AtkinsonJ. W.An introduction to motivation. Princeton: Van Nostrand, 1964.
3.
CarneyR. E.An analysis of university student behaviors with measures of ability, attitude. performance, and personality. Ann Arbor: Univer. Microfilms, 1961. Order No. 61–6325.
4.
CarneyR. E.Achievement motivation, anxiety, and perceptual control. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1963, 17, 287–292.
5.
CarneyR. E.The effect of situational variables on the measurement of achievement motivation. Educational and Psychological Measurement, in press.
6.
CarneyR. E.McKeachieW. J.Religion, sex, social class, probability of success, and student personality. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 1963, 3, 32–42.
7.
CritesJ. O.BechtoldtH. P.GoodsteinL. D.HeilbrunA. B.Jr.A factor analysis of the California Psychological Inventory. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1961, 45, 408–414.
8.
EdwardsA. L.Experimental design in psychological research. New York: Rinehart, 1960.
9.
FoaU. G.Convergences in the analysis of the structure of interpersonal behavior. Psychological Review, 1961, 68, 341–353.
10.
GouchH. P.Manual for the California Psychological Inventory. Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologists Press, 1957.
11.
MannP. A.An attempt at objective measurements of achievement orientation and social orientation. Unpublished master's thesis, Drake Univer., 1962.
12.
McClellandD. C.Methods of measuring human motivation. In AtkinsonJ. W. (Ed.), Motives in fantasy, action, and society. Princeton: Van Nostrand, 1958. Pp. 7–42.
13.
McClellandD. C.ClarkR. A.RobyT. B.AtkinsonJ. W.The projective expression of needs: IV. The effect of the need for achievement on thematic apperception. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1949, 39, 242–255.
14.
MitchellJ. V.Pierce-JonesJ.A factor analysis of Gough's California Psychological Inventory. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 1960, 24, 453–456.
15.
ShipleyT. E.VeroffJ. A.A projective measure of need for affiliation. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1952, 43, 349–356.
