Associative chains were constructed from individual associations. Ss then learned pairs derived from their own and others' associations. Ease of learning varied with the length of the chain, but Ss did as well on pairs derived from other Ss as on pairs derived from their own associations. It was proposed that Ss go directly from the stimulus to the response by means of a conceptual-pictorial relationship rather than through an associative chain. The hypothesis of associative mediation was considered to be questionable.
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