Three-Dimensional Structure of Ratings of Exploratory Responses Shown by a Semantic Differential

Abstract

Ten exploratory responses systematically varying in rated Activity Level were judged by 38 psychotherapists against a 21-scale Semantic Differential. Factorization of the matrix of rs among scales by the Multiple Grouping Method yielded three factors. Factor 1, properly labeled as Precision/Potency, accounts for 44% of the total variance. Factors 2 and 3, respectively interpreted as Professional Evaluation and Objectivity, together explain 44% of the total variance. All three factors are similar in structure to those observed in an earlier study using a heterogeneous group of therapist's responses; but the evaluative factor, as anticipated, is no longer the major source of variance. The implications of the findings for quantification of the therapist's verbal behavior are discussed. It is suggested that at bottom Ptecision/Potency defines a major variable studied under various guises by others; that an independent Objectivity factor will inevitably occur for exploratory statements but not for interpretive statements; and that Professional Evaluation is not necessarily the primary concern of the rater when confronted by therapist's statements in a rating situation. A three-dimensional model of the 10 responses is presented.