This research note responds to the question of whether a convenience sample of undergraduate students may be successfully utilized in concept development and in scale construction, and in what way the results are comparable to the findings of a representative national sample. The results of a Mokken analysis in both samples support the hypothesis that convenience samples have utility in concept development and in developing measures that can also be used in representative samples.
EllsworthP. C.GonzalesR. (2007) Questions and comparisons: methods of research in social psychology. In HoggM. A.CooperJ. (Eds.), The Sage Handbook of social psychology.Los Angeles, CA: Sage. Pp. 24–42.
3.
HakT.Van Der VeerK.OmmundsenR. (2006) An application of the Three-step Test-Interview (TSTI): a validation study of the Dutch and Norwegian versions of the ‘Illegal Aliens Scale’. The International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 8, 215–227.
4.
HambeltonR. K.SwaminathanH.RogersH. J. (1991) Fundamentals of Item Response Theory.Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
5.
JohnO. P.Benet-MartinezV. (2000) Measurement: reliability, construct validation, and scale construction. In ReisH. T.JuddC. M. (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in social and personality psychology.New York: Cambridge Univer. Press. Pp. 339–369.
6.
MerendaP. F. (2005) Cross-cultural adaptation of educational and psychological testing. In HambeltonR. H.MerendaP. F., & SpielbergerC. D. (Eds.), Adapting educational and psychological tests for cross-cultural assessment.Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Pp. 322–341.
7.
MerendaP. F. (2006) An overview of adapting educational and psychological assessment instruments: past and present. Psychological Reports, 99, 307–314.
8.
MokkenR. J. (1991) A theory and procedure of scale analysis.The Hague, The Netherlands: Mouton.
9.
MolenaarI. W. (2000) MSP5 for Windows: a program for Mokken Scale analysis for polytomous items. Version 5.0. Groningen: ProGAMMA.
10.
MookD. G. (1983) In defense of external invalidity. American Psychologist, 38, 379–387.
11.
OmmundsenR.LarsenK. S. (1999) Attitudes toward illegal immigration in Scandinavia and United States. Psychological Reports, 84, 1331–1338.
12.
SearsD. O. (1986) College sophomores in the laboratory: influences of a narrow data base on social psychology's view of human nature. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 515–530.
13.
SijtsmaK.MolenaarI. W. (1996) Mokken Scale analysis for polychotomous items: theory, a computer program and an empirical application. Quality and Quantity, 24, 173–188.
14.
SijtsmaK.MolenaarI. W. (2002) Introduction to Nonparametric Item Response Theory. In Measurement methods for the social sciences.Vol. 5. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
15.
Van Der VeerK.OmmundsenR.LarsenK. S.Van LeH.KrumovK.EerniceR. E.RomansG. P. (2004) The structure of attitudes toward illegal immigration: the development of cross-national cumulative scales. Psychological Reports, 94, 897–906.
16.
Van SchuurW. H. (2003) Mokken Scale analyses: between the Guttman Scale and Parametric Item Response Theory. Political Analysis, 11, 139–163.
17.
WintreM. G.NorthC.SugarL. A. (2001) Psychologists' response to criticism about research based on undergraduate participants: a developmental perspective. Canadian Psychology, 42, 216–225.