This study examined the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity of a Farsi version of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale, with a sample of 306 undergraduate students (123 men, 183 women) ages 18 to 51 years. Participants completed Farsi versions of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. Analysis confirmed the preliminary reliabilities and construct validity of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale.
Bar-OnR., & ParkerJ. D. (2000) The handbook of emotional intelligence: theory, development, assessment, and application at home, school, and in the workplace.San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
3.
BastianV. A.BurnsN. R., & NettelbeckT. (2005) Emotional intelligence predicts life skills, but not as well as personality and cognitive abilities. Personality and Individual Differences, 39, 1135–1145.
4.
BayaniA. A.GoodarziH., & KoochekiA. (2007) [The reliability and validity of the Persian version of the Satisfaction with Life Scale]. Iranian Psychologist, 11, 259–265. [in Farsi]
5.
BrackettM. A., & MayerJ. D. (2003) Convergent, discriminate, and incremental validity of competing measures of emotional intelligence. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 1147–1158.
6.
ChernissC. (2001) Emotional intelligence and organizational effectiveness. In ChernissC. & GolemanD. (Eds.), The emotionally intelligent workplace.San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Pp. 27–44.
7.
CooperR. K., & SawafA. (1997) Executive EQ: emotional intelligence in leadership and organizations.New York: Penguin Putnam.
8.
DaviesM.StankovL., & RobertsR. D. (1998) Emotional intelligence: in search of an elusive construct. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 989–1015.
9.
DawdaD., & HartS. D. (2000) Assessing emotional intelligence: reliability and validity of the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-I) in university students. Personality and Individual Differences, 28, 797–812.
10.
DienerE.EmmonsR. A.LarsenR. J., & GriffinS. (1985) The Satisfaction with Life Scale. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 1105–1117.
11.
ExtremeraN., & Fernández-BerrocalP. (2002) Relation of perceived emotional intelligence and health-related quality of life in middle-age women. Psychological Reports, 91, 47–59.
12.
ExtremeraN., & Fernández-BerrocalP. (2005) Perceived emotional intelligence and life satisfaction: predictive and incremental validity using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 39, 937–948.
13.
ExtremeraN., & Fernández-BerrocalP. (2006) Emotional intelligence as predictor of mental, social, and physical health in university students. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 9, 45–51.
14.
Fernández-BerrocalP.ExtremeraN., & RamosN. (2004) Validity and reliability of the Spanish modified version of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Psychological Reports, 94, 751–755.
15.
GhorbaniN.BingM. N.WatsonP. J.DavisonH. K., & MackD. A. (2002) Self-reported emotional intelligence: construct similarity and functional dissimilarity of higher-order processing in Iran and the United States. International Journal of Psychology, 37, 297–308.
16.
GhorbaniN., & WatsonP. J. (2006) Relationships of experimental and reflective self-knowledge with Trait Meta-Mood Scale, Constructive Thinking Inventory, and the five factors in Iranian managers. Psychological Reports, 98, 253–260.
17.
GolemanD. (1995) Emotional intelligence: why it can mater more than IQ.New York: Bantam.
18.
GolemanD. (1998) Working with emotional intelligence.New York: Bantam.
19.
GolemanD. (2001) An EI-based theory of performance. In ChernissC. & GolemanD. (Eds.), The emotionally intelligent workplace.San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Pp. 27–44.
20.
HedlundJ., & SternbergR. J. (2000) Too many intelligences? Integrating social, emotional, and practical intelligence. In Bar-OnR. (Ed.), Handbook of emotional intelligence.San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Pp. 136–167.
21.
JordanP. L.AshkanasyN. M.HartelC. E. J., & HooperG. S. (2002) Workgroup emotional intelligence: scale development and relationship to team process and goal focus. Human Resource Management Review, 12, 195–214.
22.
LovibondS. H., & LovibondP. F. (1995) Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Sydney, Australia: Psychology Found.
23.
MayerJ. D. (2001) A field guide to emotional intelligence. In CiarrochiJ.ForgasJ. P., & MayerJ. D. (Eds.), Emotional intelligence in everyday life.Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press. Pp. 3–24.
24.
MayerJ. D., & SaloveyP. (1997) What is emotional intelligence? In SaloveyP. & SluyterD. (Eds.), Emotional development and emotional intelligence: educational implications.New York: Basic Books. Pp. 3–31.
25.
MayerJ. D.SaloveyP., & CarusoD. R. (2000) Models of emotional intelligence. In SternbergR. J. (Ed.), Handbook of intelligence.New York: Cambridge Univer. Press. Pp. 396–420.
26.
MayerJ. D.SaloveyP., & CarusoD. R. (2002) Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT): user's manual.Toronto, Canada: Multi-Health Systems.
27.
MerendaP. F. (2007) Psychometrics and psychometricians in the 20th and 21st centuries: how it was in the 20th century and how it is now. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 104, 3–20.
28.
PalmerB.DonaldsonC., & StoughC. (2002) Emotional intelligence and life satisfaction. Personality and Individual Differences, 33, 1091–1100.
29.
PalmerB.GignacG.BatesT., & StoughC. (2003) Examining the structure of the trait meta-mood scale. Australian Journal of Psychology, 55, 154–158.
30.
PalmerB.WallsM.BurgessZ., & StoughC. (2001) Emotional intelligence and effective leadership. Leadership and Organizational Development Journal, 22, 5–10.
31.
PetridesK. V., & FurnhamA. (2004) Technical manual of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue).London: Univer. of London, Institute of Education.
32.
RamezaniV., & AbdollahiM. H. (2006) [Relationship between emotional intelligence, anger expression, and control in students]. [Journal of Psychology], 37, 66–84. [in Farsi]
33.
SahebiA.AsgariM. J., & SalariR. (2005) [Validation of Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) for an Iranian population]. [Iranian Psychologist], 4, 299–312. [in Farsi]
34.
SaloveyP., & MayerJ. D. (1990) Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition, and Personality, 9, 185–211.
35.
SaloveyP.MayerJ. D.GoldmanS. L.TurveyC., & PalfaiT. P. (1995) Emotional attention, clarity, and repair: exploring emotional intelligence using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. In PennebakerJ. (Ed.), Emotion, disclosure, and health. New York: Bantam. Pp.125–154.
36.
SaloveyP.StroudL. R.WooleryA., & EpelE. S. (2002) Perceived emotional intelligence, stress reactivity, and symptom reports: further explorations using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Psychology and Health, 17, 611–627.
37.
SchutteN. S.MalouffJ. M.HallL. E.HaggertyD. J.CooperJ. T.GoldenC. J., & DornheimL. (1998) Development and validation of a measure of emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 25, 167–177.
38.
SegalJ. (1997) Raising your emotional intelligence: a practical guide.New York: Holt.
39.
WongC. S., & LawK. S. (2002) The effects of leader and follower emotional intelligence on performance and attitude: an exploratory study. The Leadership Quarterly, 13, 243–274.
