Studies in different research fields have shown that locus of control is a meaningful concept. A translated measurement of locus of control in Greece is the Brown Locus of Control Scale (BLOCS), but the translation has not been yet validated. Construct validity and reliability of the BLOCS Greek version was investigated in a sample of employees in five public institutions. Three dimensions identified in the original study were observed. A reduced scale of 20 items showed better psychometric properties: Cronbach's alphas were for the total scale .76 (McDonald's omega = .72), and Internal .76, External social .73, and External other .73, comparable to the original and improved if 5 items are removed.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AbaanS.BulutH.CihangirN. (2003) Evaluation of a locus of control development program in a university nursing school. In I. International and V. National Nursing Education Congress' Book. Istanbul: Ozlem Graphic Press. Pp. 215–220.
2.
AbbottM. W. (1984) Locus of control and treatment outcome in alcoholics. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 45, 46–52.
3.
AkçaF.YamanB. (2010) The effects of internal-external locus of control variables on burnout levels of teachers. Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2, 3976–3980.
4.
BlauG. (1993) Testing the relationship of locus of control to different performance dimensions. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 66, 125–138.
5.
BrownR. (1983) Locus of control and sex role orientation of women graduate students. College Student Journal, 17(1), 10–12.
6.
BrownR. (1990) The construct and concurrent validity of the social dimension of the Brown Locus of Control Scale. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 50, 377–382.
7.
BrownR.MarcoulidesG. A. (1996) A cross-cultural comparison of the brown locus of control scale. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 56(5), 858–863.
8.
DagI. (1997) [Rotter's internal–external locus of control scale]. In SavasιrI.SahinN. H. (Eds.), [Evaluation in cognitive-behavioral therapy: frequently used instruments]. Ankara: Turkish Corporation of Psychologists' Publication. Pp. 93–100. [in Turkish]
9.
FindleyM.CooperH. M. (1983) The relation between locus of control and achievement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 419–427.
10.
HairJ. F.AndersonR. E.TathamR. L.BlackW. C. (1998) Multivariate Data analysis. (5th ed.) Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Pp 653–666.
11.
HambletonR. K.MerendaP.SpielbergerC. (Eds.) (2005) Adapting educational and psychological tests for cross-cultural assessment. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
12.
HansT. (2000) A meta-analysis of the effects of adventure programming on locus of control. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 30(1), 33–60.
13.
HoffmanD. L.NovakT. P.SchlosserA. E. (2003) Locus of control, web use, and consumer attitudes toward internet regulation. Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, 22, 41–57.
14.
HoutsS.KassabC. (1997) Rotter's social learning theory and fear of crime: differences by race and ethnicity. Social Science Quarterly, 78(1), 122–136.
15.
HuiC. C. H. (1982) Locus of control: a review of cross-cultural research. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 6(3), 301–323.
16.
LevensonH. (1974) Activism and powerful others: distinctions within the concept of internal-external control. Journal of Personality Assessment, 38, 377–383.
17.
LiakopoulouH. (2006) The work flexibility and the effect of the general subjective prosperity of employees: the case of part-time employment. Unpublished master's thesis, Univer. of Panteion, Athens, Greece.
18.
MacleodL.MacleodG. (1998) Control cognitions and psychological disturbance in people with contrasting physically disabling conditions. Disability and Rehabilitation: an International Multidisciplinary Journal, 20(12), 448–456.
19.
MearnsJ. (2006) The social learning theory of Julian Rotter. In CrowneD. P. (Ed.), Personality theory. New York: Oxford Univer. Press.
20.
MellonC. R.PapanikolaouV.ProdromitisG. (2009) Locus of control and psychopathology in relation to levels of trauma and loss: self-reports of Peloponnesian wildfire survivors. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 22(3), 189–196.
21.
MellonC. R.ProdromitisG. (2009) When disaster strikes: relations among sociopolitical values, institutional trust and perceived control. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Society of Political Psychology 32nd Annual Scientific Meeting.
22.
MeyerJ. P. (2010) Reliability. Oxford, UK: Oxford Univer. Press.
23.
NeavesJ. J. (1989) The relationship of locus of control to decision making in nursing students. Journal of Nursing Education, 28(1), 7–12.
24.
PannellsT. C.ClaxtonA. F. (2008) Happiness, creative ideation and locus of control. Creativity Research Journal, 20(1), 67–71.
25.
PansuP. (1997) The norm of internality in an organizational context. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 6(1), 37–58.
26.
PressonP. K.ClarkS. C.BenassiV. A. (1997) The Levenson Locus of Control Scales: confirmatory factor analyses and evaluation. Social Behavior and Personality, 25(1), 93–104.
27.
RevelleW.ZinbargR. E. (2009) Coefficients alpha, beta, omega, and the gib: comments on Sijtsma. Psychometrika, 74(1), 145–154.
28.
RicottaP. F. (1984) Perceived stress in nursing: relationship to job satisfaction, locus of control, occupational prestige, achievement, and capacity for status. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, California School of Professional Psychology.
29.
RotterJ. B. (1954) Social learning and clinical psychology. New York: Prentice Hall.
30.
RotterJ. B. (1966) Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs, 80(1), 1–28.
31.
RotterJ. B.HochreichD. J. (1975) Personality. Boston: Foresman and Company.
32.
SappS. G.HarrodW. J. (1993) Reliability and validity of a brief version of Levenson's Locus of Control Scale. Psychological Reports, 72, 539–550.
33.
SayinS. (2000) Some variables that predict interest in vocational high school students. Unpublished master's thesis, Hacettepe Univer., Ankara.
34.
SpectorP. E. (1982) Behavior in organizations as a function of employees locus of control. Psychological Bulletin, 91, 482–497.
35.
SpectorP. E.O'ConnellB. J. (1994) The contribution of personality traits, negative affectivity locus of control and type A to the subsequent reports of job stressors and job strains. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 67, 1–11.
36.
TongJ.WangL. (2006) Validation of locus of control scale in Chinese organizations. Personality and Individual Differences, 41(5), 941–950.
37.
WangL. Y.KickE.FraserJ.BurnsT. J. (1999) Status attainment in America: the roles of locus of control and self-esteem in educational and occupational outcomes. Sociological Spectrum, 19(3), 281–298.
38.
WilkinsonW. W. (2007) The structure of the Levenson Locus of Control Scale in young adults: comparing item and parcel indicator models. Personality and Individual Differences, 43(6), 1416–1425.
39.
WojcikJ. V. (1984) A model of health behaviour based on social learning theory: prediction of success in smoking cessation. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, California School of Professional Psychology.
40.
WolfgangA.WeissD. W. (1980) A locus of control and social distance comparison of Canadian and West Indian-born students. International Journal of Intercultural Relation, 4(3-4), 295–305.
41.
YesilyaprakB. (2000) University students' beginning and leaving characteristics from the aspect of self respect, assertiveness and locus of control: a longitudinal research. The Turkish Journal of Vocational Training, 2(1), 1–6.
42.
YesilyaprakB. (2004) Locus of control. In KuzgunY.DeryakuluD. (Eds.), Individual Differences in Education. Ankara: Nobel. Pp. 239–258.
43.
YilmazA.KayaH. (2010) Relationship between nursing students' epistemological beliefs and locus of control. Nurse Education Today, 30(7), 680–686.
