In educational settings, quick assessments of intelligence are often required to screen children with potential special needs. The WISC–IV is administered individually and takes between one and two hours to complete. Given its widespread use in Spain, a short-form of the Spanish version is likely to be of use to professionals. The goal of this research was to develop a short form of the WISC–IV that can be performed in approximately half an hour. Data obtained in 100 elementary school children were analyzed following the criteria of Resnick and Entin (1971). The results showed that the most accurate estimation of intelligence was achieved with a combination of the Vocabulary, Block Design, Letter-Number Sequencing, and Coding subtests.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AxelrodB. N.RyanJ. J.WardL. C. (2001) Evaluation of seven-subtest short forms of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–III in a referred sample. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 16, 1–8.
2.
BlylerC. R.GoldJ. M.IannoneV. N.BuchananR. W. (2000) Short form of the WAIS–III for use with patients with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 46, 209–215.
3.
CarrollJ. B. (1993) Human cognitive abilities: a survey of factor-analytic studies. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univer. Press.
4.
CrawfordJ. R.AndersonV.RankinP. M.McDonaldJ. (2010) An index-based short form of the WISC–IV with accompanying analysis of the reliability and abnormality of differences. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49, 235–258.
5.
FuentesI.RomeroM.DasiC.RuizJ. C. (2010) Versión abreviada del WAIS–III para su uso en la evaluatión de pacientes con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia [Abbreviated version of WAIS–III for use in the evaluation of patients with schizophrenia]. Psicothema, 22, 202–207.
6.
GluttingJ.OaklandT. (1993) Guide to the Assessment of Test Session Behavior. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
7.
GluttingJ.OaklandT.McDermottP. (1989) Observing child behavior during testing: constructs, validity, and situational generality. Journal of School Psychology, 27, 155–164.
8.
HeinonenJ.AroT.AhonenT.PoikkeusA. M. (2011) Test-taking behaviors in a neurocognitive assessment: associations with school-age outcomes in a Finnish longitudinal follow-up. Psychological Assessment, 23, 184–192.
9.
HornJ. L. (1994) Theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence. In SternbergR. J. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of human intelligence. New York: Macmillan.
10.
HornJ. L.NollJ. (1997) Human cognitive capabilities: Gf-Gc theory. In FlanaganD. P.GenshaftJ. L.HarrisonP. L. (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: theories, tests, and issues. New York: Guilford Press.
11.
IrbyS. M.FloydR. (2013) Review of Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, second edition (WASI–III). Journal of School Psychology, 28, 295–299.
12.
KaufmanA. S.KaufmanN. L. (1990) Manual for the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT). Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service.
13.
KaufmanA. S.KaufmanN. L. (2000) Manual del Test breve de inteligencia de Kaufman (K-BIT) [Manual for the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test]. Madrid, Spain: TEA Ediciones.
14.
LevyP. (1968) Short form tests: a methodological review. Psychological Bulletin, 69, 410–416.
15.
LopezM. J.RodriguezJ. M.SantinC.TorricoE. (2003) Utilidad de las formas cortas de la Escala de Inteligencia Wechsler para Adultos (WAIS) [Usefulness of short-forms of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Adults]. Anales de Psicologia, 19, 53–63.
16.
McCrimmonA. W.SmithA. D. (2013) Review of Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, second edition (WASI–III). Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 31, 337–341.
17.
McGrewK.FlanaganD. (1998) The Intelligence Test Desk Reference (ITDR): Gf-Gc Cross-Battery Assessment. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
18.
MuñizJ.Fernández-HermidaJ. R. (2010) La opinión de los psicólogos españoles sobre el uso de los tests [The opinion of Spanish psychologists on the use of tests]. Papeles del Psicologo, 31, 108–121.
19.
MuñizJ.Fernández-HermidaJ. R.Fonseca-PedreroE.Campillo-ÁlvarezA.Peña-SuarezE. (2011) Evaluatión de tests editados en España [Assessment of tests published in Spain]. Papeles del Psicologo, 32, 113–128.
20.
OaklandT.CalluengC.HarrisJ. G. (2012) The impact of test-taking behaviors on WISC–IV Spanish domain scores in its standardization sample. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 30, 139–147.
21.
OaklandT.HarrisJ. G. (2009) The impact of test-taking behaviors on scores from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–IV Spanish Edition. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 27, 366–373.
22.
ResnickR. J.EntinA. D. (1971) Is an abbreviated form of the WISC valid for Afro-American children?Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 36, 97–99.
23.
RyanJ. J.GlassL. A. (2006) Substituting supplementary subtests for core subtests on reliability of WISC–IV indexes and full scale IQ. Psychological Reports, 98, 187–190.
24.
RyanJ. J.GlassL. A.BartelsJ. M. (2009) Internal consistency reliability of the WISC–IV among primary school students. Psychological Reports, 104, 874–878.
25.
RyanJ. J.GlassL. A.BrownC. N. (2007) Administration time estimates for Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–IV subtests, composites, and short forms. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 63, 309–318.
26.
SattlerJ. M. (2008) Assessment of children: cognitive foundations. (5th ed.) La Mesa, CA: Author.
27.
SattlerJ. M.DumontR. (2004) Assessment of children: WISC–IV and WPPSI–III supplement. San Diego, CA: J. M. Sattler Publishing Company.
28.
SilversteinA. B. (1990) Short forms of individual intelligence tests. Psychological Assessment, 2, 3–11.
29.
TellegenA.BriggsP. F. (1967) Old wine in new skins: grouping Wechsler subtests into new scales. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 31, 499–506.
30.
The Psychological Corporation. (1999) Manual for the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence. San Antonio, TX: Author.
31.
WechslerD. (2005) WISC–IV: Escala de inteligencia de Wechsler para niños IV [Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fourth Edition]. Madrid, Spain: TEA Ediciones.
