The article by SkinnerW. (“Manufacturing—Missing Link in Corporate Strategy,”Harvard Business Review (May/June 1969), pp. 136–145] can be said to have started the field.
2.
SkinnerW., “Missing the Links in Manufacturing Strategy,” in VossC.A., ed., Manufacturing Strategy: Process and Content (London: Chapman & Hall.1992), pp. 13–25. The need for conceptual research is also emphasized by several good recent surveys of manufacturing strategy literature by AdamE.E.Jr.SwamidassP.M., “Assessing Operations Management from a Strategic Perspective,”Journal of Management, 15/2 (1989): 181–203; AndersonJ.C.ClevelandG.SchroederR.G., “Operations Strategy: A Literature Review,”Journal of Operations Management, 8/2 (April 1989): 133–158; LeongG.K.SnyderD.L.WardP.T., “Research in the Process and Content of Manufacturing Strategy,”OMEGA, 18/2(1990): 109–122.
3.
See for example HayesR.H.WheelwrightS.C.ClarkK.B., Dynamic Manufacturing (New York, NY: The Free Press, 1988).
4.
One of the types of flexibility distinguished in GerwinD., “An Agenda For Research On The Flexibility Of Manufacturing Processes,”International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 7/1 (1987): 38–49.
5.
StalkG.Jr.HoutT.M., Competing Against Time: How Time-Based Competition Is Reshaping Global Markets (New York, NY: The Free Press, 1990).
6.
BlackburnJ.D., ed., Time-Based Competition: The Next Battleground in American Manufacturing (Homewood. IL: Irwin, 1991).
7.
Examples of shortcomings of conventional cost accounting procedures can be found in, e.g., JohnsonH.T.KaplanR.S., Relevance Lost: The Rise and Fall of Management Accounting (Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 1987).
8.
See GarvinD.A., “Competing on the Eight Dimensions of Quality.”Harvard Business Review (November/December 1987), pp. 101–109.
9.
KotlerP.ArmstrongG., Principles of Marketing (Englewood Cliffs. NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1991).
10.
See Blackburn, op. cit.
11.
Skinner (1969), op. cit.
12.
SkinnerW., “The Focused Factory,”Harvard Business Review (May/June 1974), pp. 112–121.
13.
PorterM.E., Competitive Strategy (New York. NY: The Free Press, 1980).
14.
This corresponds to a Stage I or Stage II view in the framework cited in Hayes, WheelwrightClark, op. cit. Letting manufacturing play a more important part in supporting and even formulating business strategy corresponds to a Stage III or Stage IV view.
15.
SkinnerW, “The Productivity Paradox,”Harvard Business Review (July/August 1986), pp. 55–59.
16.
FerdowsK.De MeyerA., “Lasting Improvements in Manufacturing Performance: In Search of a New Theory,”Journal of Operations Management, 9/2 (April 1990): 168–184.
17.
The European Manufacturing Futures Project has been administered at INSEAD since 1983. For this project, a sample of large European manufacturing companies are surveyed on a regular basis through a mailed questionnaire.
18.
This is already hinted at by Skinner [(1986) op. cit.]. More recently, Skinner [(1992) op. cit.] argued that trade-offs do still exist, but should perhaps be called “performance relationships” or something similar, as they do not necessarily imply negative relationships between factors.
19.
FerdowsMeyerDe, op. cit., p. 169.
20.
Skinner (1986), op. cit.; and BuzzellR.D.GaleB.T., The PIMS Principles: Linking Strategy to Performance (New York, NY: The Free Press, 1987), Ch. 6.
21.
Blackburn, op. cit.
22.
BuzzellGale, op. cit. This observation has also been made by Hayes, WheelwrightClark, op. cit., Ch. 5; and by EdmondsonH.E.WheelwrightS.C., “Outstanding Manufacturing in the Coming Decade,”California Management Review (Summer 1989), pp. 70–90.
23.
HillT., Manufacturing Strategy, Text and Cases (Homewood, IL: Irwin.1989). The same observation can be found in Hayes, WheelwrightClark, op. cit., Ch. 12; in EdmondsonWheelwright, op. cit.; and, to some extent, in BuzzellGale, op. cit., pp. 113–114.
24.
BuzzellGale, op. cit., pp. 117–118.
25.
Most clearly found in EdmondsonWheelwright, op. cit., p. 75; and in HayesWheelwrightClark, op. cit., pp. 375–376.
26.
BuzzellGale, op. cit., pp. 204–205.
27.
StalkHout, op. cit.
28.
Ibid.
29.
Ibid.
30.
JaikumarR., “Postindustrial Manufacturing,”Harvard Business Review (November/December 1986), pp. 69–76; quoted from p. 70.
31.
HayesR.H.WheelwrightS.C., “Link Manufacturing Process and Product Life Cycles”Harvard Business Review (January/February 1979), pp. 133–140. Some of the limitations of the product-process matrix are already mentioned in HayesR.H.WheelwrightS.C., Restoring Our Competitive Edge: Competing Through Manufacturing (New York. NY: John Wiley, 1984).