Health Care Costs: A Moral and Economic Problem

Families USA Foundation, Health Spending: The Growing Threat to the Family Budget, Washington, D.C., (December 1991).

Arrow K. J. , “Uncertainty and the Welfare Economics of Medical Care,” American Economic Review (December 1963), pp. 941–73.

Newhouse J. , “Some Interim Results from a Controlled Trial of Cost Sharing in Health Insurance,” New England Journal of Medicine, December 17, 1981, pp. 1501–1507.

Riley G. J. , “Changes in Distribution of Medicare Expenditures Among Aged Enrollees.” Heath Care Financing Review (Spring 1986), pp. 53–63.

Weiler C. D. , “‘Free Choice’ As a Restraint of Trade in American Health Care Delivery and Insurance,” Iowa Law Review, 69/5 (July 1984): 1351–1392.

Enthoven A. C. , “Theory and Practice of Managed Competition in Health Care Finance,” in Professor Dr. F. de Vries, Lectures in Economics, 9 (New York, NY: NorthHolland, 1988).

Manning W. , “A Controlled Trial of the Effect of a Prepaid Group Practice on Use of Services,” New England Journal of Medicine:, June 7, 1984, pp. 1505–1510; Luft H. , “How Do Health Maintenance Organizations Achieve Their ‘Savings’?” New England Journal of Medicine:, June 15, 1978, pp. 1336–1343.

The Competitive Edge, Vol. 1, No. 1 (Excelsior, MN: InterStudy 1991).

Hoy E. W. Curtis R. E. Rice T. , “Change and Growth in Managed Care,” Health Affairs (Winter 1991), pp. 18–36.

Enthoven A. C. , “Management of Competition in the FEHBP,” Health Affairs (Fall 1989), pp. 33–50.

Enthoven A. C. , “A New Proposal to Reform the Tax Treatment of Health Insurance,” Health Affairs (Spring 1984), pp. 21–39; Enthoven A. C. , “Health Tax Policy Mismatch,” Health Affairs (Winter 1985), pp. 5–14.

Enthoven A. C. , “Managed Competition in Health Care and the Unfinished Agenda,” Health Care Financing Review, Annual Supplement (1986), pp. 105–120; Enthoven (1988), op. cit.

Pauly M. “A Plan for ‘Responsible National Health Insurance’,” Health Affairs (Spring 1991), pp. 5–25; Butler S. M. , “A Policy Maker's Guide to The Health Care Crisis: Part II The Heritage Consumer Choice Health Plan,” March 5, 1992, The Heritage Foundation, Washington, D.C.

For recent literature, see Hornbrook M. C. , ed., “Risk-Based Contributions to Private Health Insurance,” in Advances in Health Economics and Health Services Research, 12 (Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1991).

Newhouse J. , “Rate Adjusters for Medicare Under Capitation,” Health Care Financing Review, Annual Supplement (1986), pp. 45–56.

Ellwood P. M. Enthoven A. C. Etheredge L. , “The Jackson Hole Initiatives for a Twenty-First Century American Health Care System,” Health Economics, 1 (1992): 149–168; Cooper J. Andrews M. Stenholm C. , 102nd Congress, 2nd Session. HR 5936, Managed Competition Act of 1992.