The Chief Technology Officer

Kantrow A.M. , “The Strategy-Technology Connection,” Harvard Business Review (July/August 1980); Rubenstein A.H. , Managing Technology in the Decentralized Firm (New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1989).

See Foster R.N. , Innovation: The Attacker's Advantage (New York, NY: Summit, 1986); Rubenstein , op. cit.

Conference Board, “Top Management Staffing Challenges,” Report RB 121 (New York, NY: Conference Board, 1982).

Howe T.H. Cashel W.S. Jr. , “Organization for Financial Management,” in Vancil R.F. D'Amico M. Makela B.R. , eds., The CFO's Handbook (Homewood, IL: Dow Jones-Irwin, 1986).

Galbraith J.R. , Organization Design (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1977).

Porter M.E. , Competitive Advantage (New York, NY: Free Press, 1985).

Rubenstein , op. cit., pp. 100–113.

See also Rubenstein , op. cit., on the pros and cons of external recruiting of CTOs.

DiMaggio P.J. Powell W.W. , “The Iron Cage Revised: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields”, American Sociological Review, 48 (1983): 147–160.