Managing Assets and Skills: The Key to a Sustainable Competitive Advantage

Jacobson Gary Hillkirk John , Xerox, American Samurai (New York, NY: MacMillan, 1986) p.275.

What's Recharging the Battery Business,” Business Week, June 23, 1986, p. 124.

Graham John L. Anterasian Cathy , “The Mouse that Roared,” Los Angeles Times, May 8, 1988, p.IV 3.

The interviews were each conducted by a different MBA student who recorded the responses. The responses were coded by two different coders. The between coder reliability was .92. The coding was supervised by Shubra Sen, whose help is gratefully acknowledged.

Garvin David A. , “Product Quality: An Important Strategic Weapon,” Business Horizons, 27 (May/June 1984): 40–43.

A Parasuraman, Zeithaml Valarie A. Berry Leonard L. , “A Conceptual Model of Service Quality and Its Implications for Future Research,” Journal of Marketing, 49 (Fall 1985): 41–50.

For a profile of a customer-driven organization see Aaker David A. , Developing Business Strategies: Second Edition (New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1988), p.212–213.

“How Olivetti Cloned Its Way to the Top,” Business Week, June 16, 1986. p.82.

“Changing a Corporate Culture,” Business Week, May 14, 1984, pp.130–137.

Porter Michael E. , Competitive Advantage (New York, NY: The Free Press, 1985), Chapter 2.

Macarenhus Briance Aaker David A. , “Mobility Barriers and Strategic Groups,” Strategic Management Journal (forthcoming 1989).

The competitive strength grid was first introducted in Aaker David A. , “How to Select a Business Strategy,” California Management Review, 26/3 (Spring 1984), pp.167–175. The material on the gourmet frozen foods was drawn from work of students Donald Alan Scodel Harvey Barnes Dave Boykin Jacquelyn Jimenez Joe May Barbara Stewarts Jill .

Abegglen James C. Stalk George Jr. , Kaisha: The Japanese Corporation (New York, NY: Basic Books, 1985), pp.45–50.

Teece David J. , “Profiting from Technological Innovation: Implications for Integration, Collaboration, Licensing and Public Policy,” Research Policy, 15 (1986):285–305.

Peters Tom , Thriving on Chaos (New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopf, 1987), see especially sections C-2, C-3 and S-1.

Abegglen Stalk , op. cit., p.10–11.

McQuade Walter , “Prince Triumphant,” Fortune, February 22, 1982, pp. 84–90.

Winter Sidney G. , “Knowledge and Competence as Strategic Assets,” in Teece David , ed., The Competitive Challenge: Strategies for Industrial Innovation and Renewal (Cambridge, MA: Ballinger Publishing Company, 1987), pp.159–184.

Teece , op. cit., p. 287.

MacMillan Ian C. , “Preemptive Strategies,” Journal of Business Strategy (Fall 1983), pp. 16–26.

For a discussion of the synergy concept see Aaker , Developing Business Strategies, op. cit., p.242.

Williams Monci Jo , “Synergy Works at American Express,” Fortune, February 16, 1987, p.80.