See BenedictRuth, The Chrysanthemum and the Sword: Patterns of Japanese Behavior (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1946); NakaneChie, Human Relations in Japan (Tokyo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1972); AbegglenJames, The Japanese Factory (Glencoe, Ill.: Free Press, 1958).
2.
For example, see BaehrMelanyRenckRichard, “The Definition and Measurement of Employee Morale,”Administrative Science Quarterly (1958), pp. 175–176. HerzbergFrederickMausnerBernard, The Motivation to Work (New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1959); MyersM. S., “Who are Your Motivated Workers?”Harvard Business Review (January 1964), pp. 73–88; MorseNancy C.ReimerEverett, “The Experimental Change of a Major Organizational Variable,”Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology (1956), p. 120; RoethlisbergerFritz L., “The Foreman: Master and Victim of Double Talk,”Harvard Business Review (Spring 1945), pp. 283–98.
3.
An explanation in depth of this aspect is found in Nakane, op. cit., Chapter 6.
4.
BrayDouglas W., Formative Years in Business: A Long-Term AT&T Study of Managerial Lives (New York: John Wiley, 1974), Chapter 3.