A Comprehensive Incentive Approach to Employee Health Care Cost Containment

Herzlinger R. E. Schwartz J. , “How Companies Tackle Health Care Costs: Part I,” Harvard Business Review, Vol. 63 (July/August 1985): 69.

Goldbeck W. B. , “Health Care Coalitions,” in Fox Peter D. Goldbeck Willis B. Spies Jacob J. , Health Care Cost Management: Private Sector Initiatives (Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administrative Press, 1984), pp. 91–119.

Smith H. L. Fottler M. D. , Prospective Payment: Managing For Operational Effectiveness (Rockville, MD: Aspen Systems Corporation, 1985).

Egdahl R. H. , “Should We Shrink the Health Care System?” Harvard Business Review, Vol. 62 (January/February 1984): 125–132.

Ibid.

Ellwood P. M. Paul B. A. , “Testing the Water With Competition and Regulation,” Business and Health, Vol. 2 (April 1984): 5–8.

Sloan F. A. , “Rate Regulation as a Strategy For Hospital Cost Control: Evidence From the Last Decade,” Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, Vol. 61 (Spring 1983): 195–221; and Eby C. L. Cohodes D. R. , “What Do We Know About Rate-Setting,” Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, Vol. 10 (Summer 1985): 299–328.

Ellwood Paul , op. cit.

Singer P. F. , “Free Market Principle Reigns in California,” Business and Health, Vol. 2 (May 1984): 32–35.

McClure W. , “Redesigning Benefits Stimulates Cost Consciousness,” Business and Health, Vol. 1 (November 1983): 23–26.

“Ford Data Project: $20 Million of Michigan Hospital Payments Unnecessary,” Coalition Report, Vol. 4 (December 1985): 11.

Chassin M. R. , “The Containment of Hospital Costs: A Strategic Assessment,” Medical Care, Vol. 16, 1978, 10 Supplement; Fielding J. E. , “Effectiveness of Employee Health Improvement Programs,” Journal of Occupational Medicine, Vol. 24 (1982): 907–916; Lanning J. A. Juster R. J. , Criteria for Selection HSA Cost Containing Strategies: Political Implications for Implementation (Final rept. NCSHR Research Grant 1 R03 HS 03490-01. Birmingham, AL: Center for Urban Affairs, University of Alabama in Birmingham, 1980); Tillotson J. K. Rosala J. C. , How Business Can Use Specific Techniques to Control Health Care Costs (Washington, D.C.: National Chamber Foundation, 1978); Walsh D. C. Henze S. G. Kelleher S. E. , Designing Cost-effective Employee Health Plans (New York, NY: Pergammon Press, 1982); and Fox P. D. Goldbeck W. B. Spies J. J. , Health Care Cost-Management: Private Sector Initiatives (Ann Arbor, MI: Health Administrative Press, 1984).

Health Care Buyers Guide: A Cost Containment Manual for Purchasers of Health Care Benefits (Seattle, WA: Health Care Purchasers Association of Puget Sound, April 23, 1984); Governor's Coalition to Address Health Care Costs, Kentucky Employers Handbook on Health Insurance Management Strategies: Guidelines For Health Insurance Management (Frankfort, KY: 1983); and Health Research Institute, Health Care Cost Containment, Second Biennial Survey, 1981 and Third Biennial Survey, 1983 (Walnut Creek, CA: HRI, 1981 and 1983).

Coopers Lybrand , 1983 Group Medical Plan Cost Survey (Dallas, TX: Coopers and Lybrand, 1983).

Graham B. , “Florida Blends Competition with Regulatory Safety Net in Landmark Legislation,” Business and Health, Vol. 2 (September 1984): 50–51.

Wennberg J. E. , “Dealing with Medical Practice Variations: A Proposal for Action,” Health Affairs, Vol. 3 (Summer 1984): 6–32.

Caper P. Zubkoff M. , “Managing Medical Costs Through Small Area Analysis,” Business and Health, Vol. 2 (September 1984): 20–25.

Inlander C. B. , “Consumers Group Asks: Whose Life Is It Anyway?”, Business and Health, Vol. 2 (September 1984): 28–30.

Graham , op. cit.

“Maryland to Publish First Statewide Doctor Fee Directory for Consumers,” Hospital Week, Vol. 22, January 10, 1986, p. 3.

Penzkover R. C. , “Building a Better Benefit Plan at Quaker Oats,” Business and Health, Vol. 2 (October 1984): 33–36.

Penzkover , op. cit.

Keeler E. B. Rolph J. E. , “How Cost Sharing Reduced Medical Spending of Participants in the Health Insurance Experiement,” Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 249, April 22/29, 1983, pp. 2220–2222.

Cole A. Jr. , “Flexible Benefits Contain Costs, Are Competitive, Meet Employee Needs,” Hospitals, Vol. 39 (August 1985): 25–28.

“Flex Slows Benefits' Costs, Says 1985 Hewitt Survey,” Employee Benefit Plan Review, Vol. 40 (November 1985): 48.

Olson C. , Purchaser Health Care Cost Containment Initiatives (San Francisco, CA: Western Center for Health Planning, October 1981).

Finkel M. L. Ruchlin H. S. Parsons S. K. , Eight Years Experience with a Second Opinion Elective Surgery Program (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Health Care Financing Administration, March 1981).

Shepard D. S. Pearlman L. A. , Incentives for Health Promotion in the Workplace: A Review of Programs and Their Results (Boston, MA: Center for Analysis of Health Practices, Harvard School of Public Health, 1982).

Fielding J. E. , “Effectiveness of Employee Health Improvement Programs,” Journal of Occupational Medicine, Vol. 24, November 1982, 907–916.

Herzlinger R. E. Calkins D. , “How Companies Tackle Health Care Costs: Part III,” Harvard Business Review, Vol. 64 (January/February 1986): 70–80.

Olsen , op. cit.

Kiefhaber A. K. Goldbeck W. B. , “Worksite Wellness,” in Fox , op. cit., pp. 120–152.

Boland Peter , “How To Negotiate A Cost-Effective PPO,” Business and Health, Vol. 2 (June 1985): 18–20; and Wennberg J. E. McPherson K. Caper P. , “Will Payment Based on Diagnosis Related Groups Control Hospital Costs?” New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 311, August 2, 1984, pp. 295–300.

Singer , op. cit.

Hosmer D. M. Hutchinson P. A. , “Coalition Opens Door to Competition,” Business and Health, Vol. 2 (July/August 1984): 36–39.

Lichtenstein I. , Paper Presented at Pew Fellowship Seminar, Boston, May 24, 1984.

Wagner G. , Paper Presented at Pew Fellowship Seminar, Boston, May 24, 1984.

Inlander , op. cit.

Luft H. S. , Health Maintenance Organizations: Dimensions of Performance (New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons, 1981).

Merrill J. C. , “Defining Case Management,” Business and Health, Vol. 2 (July/August 1985): 5–9.

This case study is based upon information found in American Medical Association, The Minnesota and Philadelphia Stories: Case Histories of Health Care Coalitions (Chicago, IL: A.M.A., 1983), pp. 4–13; and Kenney J. B. , “Minnesota's Coalition Style: Broad Based, Purchaser Perspective,” Business and Health, Vol. 2 (January/February 1984): 35–38.

“Health Care Costs: The Fever Breaks,” Business Week, October 21, 1985, pp. 86–94.

Cronin C. , “Reaching Out to Retirees on Health Issues,” Business and Health, Vol. 2 (October 1985): 14–16.

Fern R. , “Equity, Efficiency Needed in Health Care for Financial As Well As Moral Reasons,” Business and Health, Vol. 3 (December 1985): 60; and Mulston S. , “The Uninsured and the Financing of Uncompensated Care: Scope, Costs and Policy Options,” Inquiry, Vol. 21 (Fall 1984): 214–229.