International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics (March 1984), p. 264.
3.
SangerDavid E., “U.S. Move in Video Cameras,”New York Times, January 5, 1984, p. Dl.
4.
The Japan Economic Journal, January 17, 1984, p. 15.
5.
PollackAndrew, “Japanese Lead in RAM Race,”New York Times, February 2, 1984, p. D2; “The Selling of the 256K RAM,”New York Times, June 3, 1983, p. Dl.
6.
BroadWilliam J., “Big Japanese Gain in Computers Seen,”New York Times, February 13, 1984, p. 1.
7.
GreenhouseSteven, “Tool Orders Rose 2.7% in March,”New York Times, April 30, 1984, p. D1; MelmanSeymour, “How the Yankees Lost Their Know-How,”Technology Review (October 1983), p. 63.
8.
The Economist, “Thicker than R2D2,” January 21, 1984, p. 63.
9.
HolushaJohn, “The Robot Makers Stub Their Toes,”New York Times, March 4, 1984, p. F4.
10.
Fortune, “PCs From Japan,” January 23, 1984, p. 6.
11.
Di IorioRobert C., “Japanese pose computer threat,”Tech Talk, July 27, 1983, p. 1; and FergusonCharles H., “The Microelectronics Industry in Distress,”Technology Review (August/September 1983), p. 24.
12.
The Japan Economic Journal, “Japan is top drug developer for third consecutive year,” February 7, 1984, p. 15; and SchmeckHarold M.Jr., “Report Says Japan Could Lead in Commercial Biotechnology,”New York Times, January 27, 1984, p. A9.
13.
MIT, Global Technological Change: A Strategic Assessment, June 1983.
14.
U.S. Department of Commerce, Survey of Current Business, July issues 1983 and 1968, table 6.8B and table 6.13.
15.
Ibid.
16.
Ibid.
17.
Ibid.
18.
The Economist, “America's economic slip is showing,” April 25, 1981, p. 107.
19.
“Executive Compensation,”Fortune, March 19, 1984, p. 22.
20.
HattoriIchiro, “Product Diversification,”Effective Management: A Japanese View (Tokyo: TBS–Britanica, 1983; Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1984).
21.
U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Earnings, January 1983, p. 158.
22.
“The Japanese Way at Quasar,”New York Times, October 16, 1982, p. Dl.
23.
“The Japanese Advantage in Autos: Quality and Cost,”New York Times, April 1, 1983, p. A12.
24.
SangerDavid E., “Another No. 1 Rating to Japan,”New York Times, August 25, 1983, p. Dl.
25.
“The Japanese Way At Quasar,” op. cit.
26.
LawrencePaul R.DyerDavis, Renewing American Industry, (New York, NY: The Free Press, 1983), p. 55.
27.
SimmonsJohnMaresWilliam, Working Together (New York, NY: Knopf, 1983).
28.
U.S. Department of Labor, Supplement to Employment and Earnings Revised Establishment Data, August 1981, p. 315.
29.
TribusMyron, “Observations,”Center for Advanced Engineering Study, June 1983, p. 13.
30.
GroveAndrew S., High Output Management (New York, NY: Random House, 1983).
31.
AulettaKen, New Yorker, June 13, 1983, p. 74.
32.
WeinholdWolf, “The GE-Utah Lesson,”New York Times, April 17, 1983, p. F3.
33.
MetzRobert, “Mixed Outlook at Polaroid,”New York Times, April 27, 1982, p. D2.
34.
PioriMichael J., “American Labor and the Industrial Crisis,”Challenge (March/April 1982), p. 5.
MitchellDaniel J. B., “Gain-Sharing: An Anti-Inflation Reform,”Challenge (July/August 1982), p. 18.
37.
IshidaHideo, “Exportability of the Japanese Employment System,” Mimeo.
38.
EasterbrookGregg, “Voting for Unemployment,”The Atlantic Monthly (May 1983), p. 31.
39.
PattonArch, “When Executives Bail Out to Move Up,”Business Week, September 13, 1982, p. 13.
40.
SheffrinStephenThurowLester C., “Estimating the Costs and Benefits of On-the-Job Training,”Economie Appliquee, Tome XXX-#3 (1978).
41.
SerrinWilliam, “The Way that Works at Lincoln,”New York Times, January 15, 1984, p. F4.
42.
LohrSteve, “New in Japan: The Manless Factory,”New York Times, December 23, 1981, p. Fl.
43.
Piori, op. cit.
44.
SakurabayashiMakoto, Wages in Japan Today. Studienverlag Dr. N. Brockmeyer, Bochum 1982. “Wage gap between young workers and higher age groups increases,”Japan Economic Journal. April 5, 1983, p. 8.
45.
LuxenbergStan, “Lifetime Employment, U.S. Style,”New York Times, April 17, 1983, p. F12.