Employee Performance and Employee Need Satisfaction—Which Comes First?

Maslow A. H. , “A Theory of Human Motivation,” Psychological Review, 50 (1943), 370–396.

Brayfield Arthur H. Crockett Walter H. , “Employee Attitudes and Employee Performance,” Psychological Bulletin, 52:5 (1955), 415–422.

Roberts Karlene Miles Raymond E. Blankenship L. Vaughn , “Organizational Leadership Satisfaction and Productivity: A Comparative Analysis,” Academy of Management Journal, 11:4 (December 1968), 401–414.

Porter Lyman Lawler Edward E. , Managerial Attitudes and Performance (Homewood, Ill.: Irwin, 1968), p. 167.

Herzberg F. , Job Attitudes: Review of Research and Opinion (Pittsburgh: Psychological Service of Pittsburgh, 1957), p. 103.

Sorcher Melvin Meyer Herbert H. , “Motivating Factory Employees,” Personnel (Jan.-Feb. 1968), 22–28.

Pigors Paul Myers Charles , Personnel Administration, 6th ed., (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1969), pp. 160–161.

Sutermeister Robert A. , People and Productivity, 2d ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1969), pp. 54–55.

Miles Raymond E. Porter Lyman Craft Joseph A. , “Three Models of Leadership Attitudes,” in Pigors Paul Myers Charles Malm F. T. , Management of Human Resources (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1961), pp. 48–49.

Porter Lawler , p. 165.

The terms “climber” and “conserver” are from Downs Anthony , Inside Bureaucracy (Boston: Little Brown, 1967), pp. 92 and 96.

See Porter Lawler , “What Job Attitudes Tell About Motivation,” Harvard Business Review (Jan.-Feb. 1968), 121.