Attitude Change,Behavior Change: The Role of the Training Department

This paper summarizes a talk delivered to the 19th Annual Training Institute on June 4, 1969 at the New York State School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. The author would like to acknowledge the helpful aid and assistance of George Strauss, Professor of Business Administration and Associate Director of the Institute of Industrial Relations at the University of California, Berkeley, and Thomas Pettigrew, Professor, Department of Social Relations, Harvard University, in the development of some of the basic issues dealt with in this article.

White S. T. , “Evaluation of an Analytic Trouble Shooter Program: A Probing Report,” Research Memorandum (July 28, 1967), Kepner Tragoe and Associates, Inc. p. 14.

Miner J. B. , Studies in Management Education (New York: Springer, 1965), p. 109.

Harrell T. W. , Manager's Performance and Personality (Cincinnati, Ohio: Southwestern, 1961), p. 7.

House Robert J. , “A Commitment Approach to Management Development,” California Management Review (Spring 1965), 15.

Odiorne George S. , “The Trouble With Sensitivity Training,” Training Directors Journal (October 1963), 9–21. The negative portion of the debate on sensitivity training.

Argyris Chris , “A Brief Description of Laboratory Education,” “In Defense of Laboratory Education,” and “A Comment on George Odiorne's Paper,” Training Directors Journal (October 1963). These items report the positive portion of the debate on sensitivity training.

Dunnette Marvin D. Campbell John P. , “Laboratory Education: Impact on People and Organizations,” Industrial Relations (October 1968), 1–45.

Chappie Eliott Sayles Leonard , The Measure of Management (New York: Macmillan, 1961) pp. 201–202.

Strauss George , “Human Relations: 1968 Style,” Industrial Relations, Vol. 7, No. 3 (May 1968), 273.

Insko Chester A. , Theories of Attitude Change (New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1967), pp. 345–348.

Eysenck H. J. , “The Effects of Psychotherapy,” International Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 1 (January 1965). See also Goldstein A. P. Dean S. J. , Investigation of Psychotherapy (New York: Wiley 1967).

This type of sequence is discussed in Colombotos John , “Physicians and Medicare: A Before-After Study of the Effects of Legislation on Attitudes,” American Sociological Review, Vol. 34, No. 3 (June 1969).

Tannenbaum Robert Davis Sheldon , “Values, Man and Organization,” paper presented at the McGregor Conference on Organizational Development, 1967.

Ford Robert N. , Motivation Through the Work Itself (New York: American Management Association, 1969), pp. 21–44.

Eric Trist and others, Organizational Choice (London: Tavistock Institute, 1962).

Blau Peter Scott W. , Formal Organizations (San Francisco: Chandler, 1962), p. 235.

Harding J. Hogrefe R. , “Attitudes of White Departmental Store Employees Toward Negro Coworkers,” Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 8, No. 1 (1952), 18–28.

Chappie Sayles , pp. 201–202.

Warner Lloyd Low J. O. , The Social System of the Modern Factory, Yankee City Series, Vol. IV (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1947).

Blauner Robert , Alienation and Freedom (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1964), p. 166.

Sherif M. Harvey O. J. White B. J. Hood W. R. Sherif Carolyn W. , Experimental Study of Positive and Negative Intergroup Attitudes between Experimentally Produced Groups: Robbers Cave Study (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1954).

Leavitt Harold J. , Managerial Psychology (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1958), pp. 123, 205.

King Bert T. Janis Irving , “Comparison of the Effectiveness of Improvised versus Non-Improvised Role Playing in Producing Opinion Changes,” Human Relations, Vol. 9 (1956), 177–186.

Festinger L. , A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance (Evanston, Ill.: Row, Peterson, 1957). See also Brehn J. W. Cohen A. R. , Explorations in Cognitive Dissonance (New York: Wiley, 1962).

Pettigrew Thomas , “Race Relations: Social Psychological Aspects,” International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences (1958), p. 281.