Management by Objectives: The Team Approach

See, for example, Carvalho Gerard F. , “Installing Management by Objectives: A New Perspective on Organization Change,” Human Resource Management (Spring 1972), pp. 23–30; Howell Robert A. , “A Fresh Look at Management by Objectives,” Business Horizons (Fall 1967), pp. 51–58; Hughes Charles L. , “Assessing the Performance of Key Managers,” Personnel (January-February 1968), pp. 38–43; Jamieson Bruce D. , “Behavioral Problems with Management by Objectives,” Academy of Management Journal (September 1973), pp. 496–505; Koontz Harold , “Making Managerial Appraisal Effective,” California Management Review (Winter 1972), pp. 46–55; and Levinson Harry , “Management by Whose Objectives?” Harvard Business Review (July-August 1970), pp. 125–134.

See, for example, Kleber Thomas P. , “The Six Hardest Areas to Manage by Objectives,” Personnel Journal (August 1972), pp. 571–575; McConkey Dale D. , “Staff Objectives Are Different,” Personnel Journal (July 1972), p. 477ff.; and Scanlan Burt K. , “Quantifying the Qualifiable, or Can Results Management Be Applied to the Staff Man's Job?” Personnel Journal (March 1968), p. 162ff.

Humble John W. , ed., Management by Objectives in Action (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1970).

Wikstrom Walter S. , Managing by- and with-Objectives (New York: National Industrial Conference Board, 1968).

Tosi Henry Carroll Stephen J. Jr. , “Improving Management by Objectives: A Diagnostic Change Program,” California Management Review (Fall 1973), pp. 57–66.

Kerr Steven , “Some Modifications in MBO as an OD Strategy,” Proceedings, 1972 Annual Meeting, Academy of Management, 1973, pp. 39–42.

Levinson Harry , “Management by Objectives: A Critique,” Training and Development Journal (April 1972), pp. 3–8; see also Levinson , op. cit.

Tosi Carroll , op. cit.

Meyer Herbert H. Kay Emanual French John R. P. Jr. , “Split Roles in Performance Appraisal,” Harvard Business Review (January-February 1965), pp. 123–129.

Drucker Peter F. , The Practice of Management (New York: Harper & Bros., 1954), p. 126.

See, for example, Carvalho , op. cit.; French Wendell , The Personnel Management Process: Human Resources Administration, 3d ed. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1974); Howell , op. cit.; Hughes Charles L. , Goal Setting (New York: American Management Association, 1965), p. 123; Jamieson , op. cit.; Kerr , op. cit.; and Levinson , “Management by Whose Objectives?” op. cit.

A notable exception is Reddin W. J. , Effective Management by Objectives: The 3-D Method of MBO (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1971), chapter 14. Also see French Wendell Bell Cecil H. Jr. , Organization Development: Behavioral Science Interventions for Organization Improvement (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1973), pp. 167–168; and Raia Anthony P. , Managing by Objectives (Glenview, Ill.: Scott, Foresman, 1974).

Wikstrom , op. cit., pp. 22–23.

Raia , op. cit., p. 110.

Ibid., pp. 75–78.

Reddin , op. cit.

French Bell , op. cit., p. 15.

Blake Robert R. Mouton Jane S. , Corporate Excellence Through Grid Organization Development (Houston: Gulf Publishing, 1968); and Blake Robert R. Mouton Jane S. , Building a Dynamic Corporation Through Grid Organization Development (Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesly, 1969).

Blake Mouton , Corporate Excellence, p. 110.

Likert Rensis , The Human Organization (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1967), pp. 55–59.

Ibid., p. 57.

Hollmann Robert W. , “A Study of the Relationships Between Organizational Climate and Managerial Assessment of Management by Objectives,” unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Washington, 1973.

Likert , op. cit.; and Likert Rensis , New Patterns of Management (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1961).

Hollmann , op. cit.

Holder Jack J. Jr. , “Decision Making by Consensus,” Business Horizons (April 1972), pp. 47–54.

Likert , New Patterns of Management and The Human Organization.

Myers M. Scott , “Overcoming Union Opposition to Job Enrichment,” Harvard Business Review (May-June, 1971), pp. 37–49.