This represents the final article in a series of three articles by John F. Cawley and his associates on mathematics and learning disabled students. The authors present specific strategies for systematically developing problem-solving experiences for LD students in mathematical curricula. The information discussed in this article is based on the extensive data pool collected by the authors on the mathematics characteristics of LD populations and the program development that has resulted from their efforts.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BlankenshipC.S.LovittT.C.Story problems: Merely confusing or downright befuddling?Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 7(5), November 1976.
2.
CawleyJ.F.Teaching arithmetic to mentally handicapped children. Focus on Exceptional Children, 2(4), 1970.
3.
CawleyJ.F.Curriculum: One perspective for special education. In KneedlerR.D.TarverS. (Eds.), Changing perspectives in special education. Columbus: Chas. Merrill Publishing Company, 1977.
4.
CawleyJ.F.A study of ninth grade students in a vocational/technical school. In preparation.
5.
CawleyJ.F.FitzmauriceA.M.ShawR.A.The learning handicapped child and mathematics: Effecting the match. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston (in preparation).
CruickshankW.M.Arithmetic vocabulary of mentally retarded children. I. Ability to differentiate extraneous materials from needed arithmetic facts. Journal of Educational Research, 42, 1948, 161–170(a).
8.
GoodsteinH.A.Solving the verbal mathematics problem: Visual aids and teacher planning = the answer. Teaching Exceptional Children, Summer 1974.
9.
GoodsteinH.A.BessantH.ThibodeauG.VitelloS.VlahakosI.The effect of three variables on the verbal problem solving of educable mentally handicapped children. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, [76], 6, 1972, 703–709.
10.
GoodsteinH.A.SedlakR.A.The role of memory in the verbal problem solving of average, educable mentally retarded, and learning disability children. (mimeo) Storrs: The University of Connecticut, 1974.
11.
GreenoJ.G.Processes of learning and comprehension. In GreggL.W. (Ed.), Knowledge and cognition. Potomac, Maryland: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1974.
12.
HelfgottJ.VorisP.The effects of training upon verbal problem solving for mentally retarded children. (mimeo) Storrs: The University of Connecticut, 1972.
13.
KrutetskiiV.A.The psychology of mathematical abilities in school children. (Translated from the Russian by TellerJ.KilpatrickJ.WirszupI.). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1976. (p. 55).
14.
MarcusA.D.The development of a diagnostic test of syntactic meaning clues in reading. In LeibertR.E. (Ed.), Diagnostic viewpoints in reading. Newark, Delaware: International Reading Association, 1971.
15.
NCTM. The revolution in school mathematics: A challenge for administrators and teachers. Washington, D. C.: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, 1961.
16.
NCTM. The continuing revolution in mathematics. Washington, D. C.: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, 1968.
17.
TraversK.J.PikaartL.SuydamM.N.RunionG.E.Mathematics teaching. New York: Harper & Row, 1977.
18.
TrenholmeB.LarsenS.C.ParkerR.The effects of syntactic complexity upon arithmetic performance. Learning Disability Quarterly, 1(4), 1978, 80–85.