This analysis examines the rise and political promotion of mediation in the settlement of land-use-related environmental conflicts in the state of Hawaii and counters much of the enthusiastic praise of mediation. The study adopts a political economy approach informed by the structural class-centric state perspective in order to illustrate the economic roots of political facilitation of environmental mediation. It is argued that environmental mediation has emerged as a political tool to demobilize and depoliticize conflicts on behalf of the state and industry interests. Environmental mediation is studied as an important mechanism for the state to cope with its dual and contradictory role—a role that involves both the minimization of political legitimation crisis and the promotion of capital accumulation and expansion.
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