The assumptions which the educational system inherited from the era of European colonialism, and modified during the era of decolonisation, are currently facing postcolonial challenges. In this article, the author considers how multicultural education and postcolonial rethinking might lead educators and students to change traditional school contexts and curricula. The issues discussed focus on Australia, but also apply more broadly to countries with culturally diverse populations.
References
1.
ArnoldLynn (1997) Breaking through the tyranny of monoculturalism and monolingualism: The Australian experience, in WattsR.SmoliczJ. (Eds) Cultural Democracy and Ethnic Pluralism: Multicultural and multilingual policies in education. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, pp. 185–213.
2.
AviramAaron (1996) The decline of the modern paradigm in education, International Review of Education, 42, pp. 421–443.
BennettChristine (2001) Genres of Research in Multicultural Education, Review of Educational Research, 71, pp. 171–217.
6.
CheahPhengRobbinsBruce (Eds)(1998) Cosmopolitics: Thinking and feeling beyond the nation. Minneapolis Press: University of Minnesota
7.
ChristieMichael (2000) Galtha: The application of Aboriginal philosophy to school learning, New Horizons in Education, 103, November, pp. 3–19.
8.
CockburnRobert (1994) The School of Babel, Temple High Languages School, videorecording, The Cutting Edge, Special Broadcasting Service (SBS-TV), Australia.
9.
CrowleyVicki (1999) Towards a postcolonial curriculum for the new millennium, in JohnsonB.ReidA. (Eds.) Contesting the Curriculum. Katoomba, NSW: Social Science Press.
10.
Curriculum Implementation Unit, Education Queensland (2002) A Guide to Productive Pedagogies: Classroom Reflection Manual. Brisbane: Queensland Department of Education.
EllyardPeter (1999) Ideas for the New Millennium. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press.
13.
Four Corners, The Australian Broadcasting Corporation (2002) Leaving Tennat Creek. Television documentary, 24 October.
14.
HenryMiriam (2000) It's all up to the individual, isn't it? Meritocratic practices, in MeadmoreD. (Eds) Practising Education: Social and cultural perspectives. Riverwood, NSW: Prentice Hall.
15.
HartVictorDowniePhilomena (2000) Aboriginal owned schools: Still an exotic novelty on the Australian education landscape, New Horizons in Education, 102, June, pp. 15–29.
16.
HeitmeyerDeidre (2001) The issue is not black and white: Aboriginality and education, in AllenJ. (Ed.) Sociology of Education: Possibilities and practices. Katoomba, NSW: Social Science Press.
17.
Hickling-HudsonAnne (1999) Globalisation, Postcolonialism and Educational Change, in MeadmoreD. (Eds) Understanding Education: Contexts and agendas for the new millennium. Riverwood, NSW: Prentice Hall.
18.
Hickling-HudsonAnne (2002) Re-visioning from the Inside: Getting under the skin of the World Bank's Education Sector Strategy, International Journal of Educational Development, 22, pp. 565–577.
19.
Hickling-HudsonAnneAhlquistRoberta (2003) Contesting the Curriculum in the Schooling of Indigenous Children in Australia and the USA: From Eurocentrism to culturally powerful pedagogies, Comparative Education Review, 47, pp. 64–89.
20.
JuppJames (2002) The Australian People: An encyclopaedia of the nation, its people and their origins, Cambridge University Press, quoted by George Megalogenis in ‘What makes up the sum of us’, The Weekend Australian, 4–5 May, 2002, p. 24.
21.
KalantzisMaryCopeBob (1990) Cultures of Schooling: Pedagogies for cultural difference and social access. London: Falmer Press.
22.
LadwigJames (2000) World Institutions, World Dispositions: Curriculum in the world-cultural institution of schooling, in MahalingamRamMcCarthyCameron (Eds) Multicultural Curriculum: New directions for social theory, practice and policy. New York: Routledge.
23.
LingardBobMillsMartinHayesDebra (2000) Teachers, School Reform and Social Justice: Challenging research and practice, Australian Educational Research, 27(3), pp. 99–116.
24.
LukeAllan (1999) Framework: State of the whiteboard, Education Views, 8(18), October 1, p. 2.
25.
LukeAllanWoodsAnnetteLandRayBahrMarkMcFarlaneMargaret (2002) Accountability, Inclusive Assessment, Monitoring and Reporting. Research Report prepared for the Indigenous Education Consultative Body. Brisbane: School of Education, University of Queensland.
26.
MalinMerridy (1990) The visibility and invisibility of Aboriginal Students in urban classrooms. Australian Journal of Education, 34 (3), pp. 318–326.
27.
MCEETYA Task Force on Indigenous Education (2001) Education of teachers of indigenous students in early childhood services and schools. Discussion Paper. Carlton, Victoria: Ministerial Council on Education, Employment, Training and Youth Affairs (MCEETYA). http://www.curriculum.edu.au/mctyapdf/educationofteacherinecs.pdf
28.
National Multicultural Advisory Council (1999) Australian multiculturalism for a new century: Towards inclusiveness. Executive Summary. Canberra: Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs, Commonwealth of Australia. Full Report: http://www.iimi.gov.au
29.
NinnesPeter (2001) Representations of Ways of Knowing in Junior High School Science Texts Used in Australia, Discourse: Studies in the cultural politics of education, 22, pp. 81–94.
30.
NinnesPeter (2000) Addressing Racism in Education: School, classroom and community strategies, in MaxwellT.W.NinnesP., The Context of Teaching. Armidale NSW: Kardoorair Press.
31.
NobleGregPoyntingScott (1999) Multicultural Education and Intercultural Understanding: Ethnicity, culture and schooling, in DinhamS.ScottC. (Eds) Teaching in Context. Melbourne: Australian Council for Educational Research.
32.
Office of Multicultural Affairs (Dept of the Prime Minister and Cabinet) (1989) National Agenda for a Multicultural Australia: Sharing our future. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.
33.
PartingtonGary (2001) When Two Worlds Meet: Ethnicity and education in Australia, in AllenJ. (Ed.) Sociology of Education: Possibilities and practices. Katoomba, NSW: Social Science Press.
34.
PereraSuvendriniPuglieseJoseph (1998) A school for racism: Pedagogy in the face of ethnicity, Discourse: Studies in the cultural politics of education, 19, pp. 157–170.
35.
SachsJudythPooleMillicent (1989) Multicultural education policies in Australia and Britain: Social transformation or status quo?Education and Society, 7, pp. 9–19.
36.
SheridanGreg (2002) Paradise Lost, The Australian, 10 May, pp. 10–11.
37.
SinghMichael (1995) Multiculturalism, Policy and Teaching, in HattonE. (Ed.) Understanding Teaching: Curriculum and the social context of schooling. Sydney: Harcourt Brace.
38.
SinghMichael (2000) Changing Uses of Multiculturalism: Asian-Australian engagement with white Australia politics, Australian Educational Researcher, 27(1).
39.
SinghParlo (1997) On Speaking as an ‘Asian’ Teacher, Education Links, 54, pp. 11–15.
40.
SmoliczJerzy (1997) In Search of a Multicultural Nation: The case of Australia from an international perspective, in WattsR.SmoliczJ. (Eds) Cultural Democrac and Ethnic Pluralism: Multicultural and multilingual policies in education. Frankfurt: Peter Lang.
41.
TaitGordon (2000) From the Panopticon to the Playground: Disciplinary practices, in MeadmoreD. (Eds) Practising Education: Social and cultural perspectives. Riverwood, NSW: Prentice Hall.
42.
TaylorSandra (2000) Still a Problem: Gendered schooling practices, in MeadmoreD. (Eds) Practising Education: Social and cultural perspectives. Riverwood, NSW: Prentice Hall.
43.
TooheyPaul (2002) ‘Blackbirded’ 1500 km away from home, The Australian, 13 August, pp. 1–2.
44.
Willinsky (1999) Curriculum, after Culture, Race, Nation, Discourse: Studies in the cultural politics of education, 20, pp. 89–112.
45.
WillinskyJohn (1998) Learning to Divide the World: Education at empire's end, p. 4. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
46.
YoungRobert (2001) Postcolonialism: An historical introduction. Oxford: Blackwell.
