This article provides an overview of distance education in Brazil and compares it with that in the United States. It presents a brief historical perspective of private and public initiatives in Brazil and concentrates on present governmental projects and educational policies guiding distance education, with emphasis on higher education. Deficits of higher education are discussed and e-learning is presented as a partial solution to the problem of supply and demand of higher education in the country.
References
1.
Anuário Brasileiro Estatístico de ?ducaçã? Aberta e a Distância (Abraed) (2005) Instituto Monitor/ ?ssociaçã? Brasileira de Educação a Distância (Abed).
2.
BeaudoinM.F. (2002) Distance Education Leadership: An essential role for the new century, Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 8(3), pp. 131–144.
3.
CahoonB. (2000) Electronic Literacies: Language, culture, and power in online education, Journal of Higher Education, 71(5), pp. 627–629. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2649264
4.
Christo-BakerE. (2004) Distance Education Leadership in Higher Education Institutions: Explored within theoretical frameworks of organizational change and diffusion of innovations theory. World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications, 2004 (1), pp. 251–256.
5.
EastmondD. (2000) Realizing the Promise of Distance Education in Low Technology Countries, Educational Technology, Research and Development, 48(2), pp. 100–111.
6.
EatonJ. (2002) Maintaining a Delicate Balance: Distance learning, higher education accreditation, and the politics of self regulation. Washington, DC: American Council on Education, Center for Policy Analysis.
7.
FulkerthR. (1999) Keys to the Culture: Factors in successful DL implementation. World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications, 1999 (1), pp. 658–662.
8.
HughesM.HagieC. (2005) The Positive and Challenging Aspects of Learning Online and in Traditional Face-to-Face Classrooms: A student perspective, Journal of Special Education Technology, 20(2), pp. 52–59.
KnappL.G.Kelly-ReidJ.E.WhitmoreR.W. (2002) Enrollment in Postsecondary Institutions, Fall 2000 and Financial Statistics, Fiscal Year 2000. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics [E.D. Tabs], NCES 2002–212, Project Officer: Susan G. Broyles. http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2002/2002212.pdf
16.
KnightJ. (2002) Trade in Higher Education Services: The implications of GATS. The Observatory on Borderless Higher Education, International Strategic Information Service, March 2002. http://www.obhe.ac.uk
17.
KongrithK.AberasturiS.MadduxC. (2004) Are Online Master's Degree Programs Replacing the Traditional Master's Degree Programs? Society for Information Technology and Teacher Education International Conference, 2004 (1), pp. 523–528.
Porras-HernandezL.H. (2000) Student Variables in the Evaluation of Mediated Learning Environments, Distance Education, 21(2), pp. 385–403.
25.
ReganM. (2001) Utilizing the Internet in Education. College and University, 76(4), pp. 37–44.
26.
ReisetterM.BorisG. (2004) What Works: Student perceptions of effective elements in online learning, Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 5(4), pp. 277–292.
27.
RockwellK.FurgasonJ.MarxD.B. (2000) Research and Evaluation Needs for Distance Education: A Delphi stud, Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration, Volume III, Number III, State University of West Georgia, Distance Education Center.
28.
RyanM.HallL. (2001) Elearning, Teaching and Training: A first look at principles, issues and implications. World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications, 2001 (1), pp. 1603–1609.
29.
SaraivaT. (1996) Educação a Distância no Brasil: Lições da história, Em Aberto, ano 16, n. 70.
