Estonia regained its independence in 1991 with the collapse of the Soviet Union, into which it was annexed in 1939. The renewal of education as the centerpiece of a revived civic culture became a national priority with the principles of human rights and participatory democracy driving the process. Important strides have been achieved but many obstacles and problems remain to be addressed and resolved. As Estonia consolidates its democracy, an educational system which supports democratic values and principles, including that of multiculturalism to reflect demographic realities, has emerged. Pursuing the development of ‘critical thinking’ skills and also the development of a new national narrative are understood to be essential for full national development.
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