The purpose of this study was to examine first year outcomes of an alcohol preventive intervention within inner-city middle schools. Subjects consisted of 650 sixth grade students from one neighborhood inner-city school (n = 262) and one bused school (n = 388). At posttest, chi-square analyses showed that significantly fewer neighborhood intervention students initiated alcohol use, used alcohol during the past seven-day and thirty-day periods, drank heavily during the past thirty days, and drank over any period of time, compared to control students (p's, < .05). Significant group × prior alcohol consequences interaction effects were found for bused students, showing those with past alcohol consequences who received the intervention had less intentions to use alcohol and less frequent use of alcohol (p's < .05). These results suggest that a brief, stage-based preventive intervention may result in significant reductions in alcohol initiation and consumption among some inner-city youth.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Eighth Special Report to the U.S. Congress on Alcohol and Health From the Secretary of Health and Human Services, NIAAA, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services-Public Health Services, 1993.
2.
KannL.WarrenW.CollinsJ. L.RossJ.CollinsB., and KolbeL. J., Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance—United States, 1995, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 45: SS-4, pp. 1–26, 1996.
3.
GruberE.DiClementeR. J.AndersonM. M., and LodicoM., Early Drinking Onset and Its Association with Alcohol Use and Problem Behavior in Late Adolescence, Preventive Medicine, 25, pp. 293–300, 1996.
4.
HawkinsJ. D.GrahamJ. W.MaguinE.AbbottR.HillK. G., and CatalanoR. F., Exploring the Effects of Age of Alcohol Use Initiation and Psychosocial Risk Factors on Subsequent Alcohol Misuse, Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 58, pp. 280–290, 1997.
5.
WarrenC. W.KannL.SmallM. L.SantelliJ. S.CollinsJ. L., and KolbeL., Age of Initiating Selected Health-Risk Behaviors Among High School Students in the United States, Journal of Adolescent Health, 21, pp. 225–231, 1997.
6.
BotvinG. J.SchinkeS., and OrlandiM., Drug Abuse Prevention with Multiethnic Youth, BotvinG. J.SchinkeS., and OrlandiM. (eds.), Sage, Thousand Oaks, California, 1995.
7.
DentC. W.SussmanS.EllicksonP., and BrownP., Is Current Drug Abuse Prevention Programming Generalizable Across Ethnic Groups?American Behavioral Scientist, 39: 7, pp. 911–918, 1996.
8.
WerchC. E. and DiClementeC., A Multi-Component Stage Model for Matching Drug Prevention Strategies and Messages to Youth Stage of Use, Health Education Research: Theory and Practice, 9: 1, pp. 37–46, 1994.
9.
WerchC., Expanding the Stages of Change: A Program Matched to the Stages of Alcohol Acquisition, American Journal of Health Promotion, 12: 1, pp. 34–37, 1997.
10.
MigneaultJ. P.PallonenU. E., and VelicerW. F., Decional Balance and Stage of Change for Adolescent Drinking, Addictive Behaviors, 22: 3, pp. 339–351, 1997.
11.
WerchC. E.AnzaloneD.Castellon-VogelE.CarlsonJ.BrokiewiczL., and FelkerJ., Factors Associated with the Stages of Alcohol Use Among Inner City School Youth, Journal of School Health, 65: 7, pp. 255–259, 1995.
12.
WerchC. E.DunnM., and WoodsR., A Pilot Study of Alcohol and Cigarette Consumption Among Adolescent and Young Adult Females Attending Health Clinics, Journal of Alcohol and Drug Education, 42: 3, pp. 27–39, 1997.
13.
WerchC. E.CarlsonJ. M.PappasD., and DiClementeC. C., Brief Nurse Consultations for Preventing Alcohol Use Among Urban School Youth, Journal of School Health, 66: 9, pp. 335–338, 1996.
14.
WerchC. E.AnzaloneD. M.BrokiewiczL. M.FelkerJ.CarlsonJ. M., and Castellon-VogelE., A Primary Care Intervention for Preventing Alcohol Use Among African-American Youth, Archives of Family Medicine, 5, 1996.
15.
WerchC. E.PappasD. M.CarlsonJ. M., and DiClementeC. C., Short and Long-Term Effects of a Pilot Prevention Program to Reduce Alcohol Consumption, Substance Use and Misuse33: 11, pp. 2303–2321, 1998.
16.
ProchaskaJ. and DiClementeC., Stages and Process of Self-Change of Smoking: Toward an Integrative Model of Change, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, pp. 390–395, 1983.
17.
BotvinG. J.BakerE.DusenburyL.TortuS., and BotvinE. M., Preventing Adolescent Drug Abuse Through A Multi-Modal Cognitive-Behavioral Approach: Results of a 3-Year Study, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 58: 4, pp. 437–446, 1990.
18.
JohnsonC.PentzM.WeberM.DwyerJ.BaierN.MacKinnonD., Relative Effectiveness of Comprehensive Community Programs for Drug Abuse Prevention with High Risk and Low Risk Adolescents, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 58: 4, pp. 447–456, 1990.
19.
PechacekT.FoxB.MurrayD., and LeupkerR., Review of Techniques for Measurement of Smoking Behavior, in Behavioral Health: A Handbook of Health Enhancement and Disease Prevention, MatarazzoJ.HerdJ.MillerN., and WeissS. (eds.), John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 729–754, 1984.
20.
WerchC. E., The Youth Alcohol and Drug Survey, University of North Florida, Center for Alcohol and Drug Abuse Prevention and Health Promotion, 1996.
21.
BotvinG. J.BakerE.BotvinE. M.FilazzolaA. D., and MillmanR. B., Prevention of Alcohol Misuse through the Development of Personal and Social Competence: A Pilot Study, Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 45: 6, pp. 550–552, 1984.
22.
EllicksonP. L., and HaysR. D., Beliefs about Resistance Self-Efficacy and Drug Prevalence: Do they Really Affect Drug Use?International Journal of Addictions, 25: 11A, pp. 1353–1378, 1991.
23.
ProchaskaJ. and DiClementeC. C., Stages of Change in the Modification of Problem Behaviors, Progress in Behavioral Modification, 28, pp. 184–218, 1992.
24.
WerchC. and AnzaloneD., Review of Stage Theory and Research on Tobacco, Alcohol, and Other Drug Use, Journal of Drug Education, 25: 2, pp. 81–98, 1995.
25.
SPSS Inc., SPSS for Windows '95, Release 7.5, Chicago, Illinois, 1997.
26.
DielmanT. E., School-Based Research on the Prevention of Adolescent Alcohol Use and Misuse: Methodologial Issues and Advances, in Alcohol Problems Among Adolescents: Current Directions in Prevention Research, BoydG. M.HowardJ., and ZuckerR. A. (eds.), Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, New Jersey, pp. 125–146, 1995.
27.
SnowD. L.TebesJ. K., and AyersT. S., Impact of Two Social-Cognitive Interventions to Prevent Adolescent Substance Use: Test of an Amenability to Treatment Model, Journal of Drug Education, 27: 1, pp. 1–17, 1997.
28.
IannottiR. J.BushP. J., and WeinfurtK. P., Perception of Friends' Use of Alcohol, Cigarettes, and Marijuana Among Urban School Children: A Longitudinal Analysis, Addictive Behaviors, 21: 5, pp. 615–632, 1996.
29.
ShopeJ. T.CopelandL. A.MarcouxB. C., and KampM. E., Effectiveness of a School-Based Substance Abuse Prevention Program, Journal of Drug Education, 26: 4, pp. 323–337, 1996.
