Retrospective dream reports from 179 undergraduate students were scored by two independent raters in an attempt to assess the reliability of a newly-developed rating system for lucid dream content. The weighted Kappa statistic, which provides an index of chance-corrected interrater agreement for qualitative data, was used to assess the reliability of the ratings. The results indicated that the lucid dream rating system could be reliably used to identify different types of lucid dream content in dream reports, but some categories were less efficacious than others. Suggested revisions to the rating system are discussed.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
LaBergeS. P.NagelL. E.DementW. C.ZarconeV. P., Evidence for Lucid Dreaming during REM Sleep, Sleep Research, 10, p. 148, 1981.
2.
GackenbachJ., A Survey of Considerations for Inducing Conscious Awareness of Dreaming while Dreaming, Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 5, pp. 46–55, 1985.
LaBergeS. P., Lucid Dreaming, St. Martin's Press, New York, 1985.
5.
GackenbachJ., An Estimate of Lucid Dreaming Incidence, Lucidity Letter, 3:1, pp. 3–4, 1984.
6.
HearneK. M. T., Effects of Performing Certain Set Tasks in the Lucid-Dream State, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 54, pp. 259–262, 1982.
7.
StewartD. W., Development and Evaluation of an Objective Rating System and a Presleep Induction Procedure for Lucid Dreams, unpublished master's thesis, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, 1986.
8.
HallidayG., Direct Alteration of a Traumatic Nightmare, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 54, pp. 413–414, 1982.
9.
LaBergeS. P.DementW. C., Lateralization of Alpha Activity for Dreamed Singing and Counting during REM Sleep, Psychophysiology, 19, pp. 331–332, 1982.
10.
LaBergeS. P.GreenleafW.KedzierskiB., Physiological Responses to Dreamed Sexual Activity during Lucid REM Sleep, Psychophysiology, 20, pp. 454–455, 1983.
11.
GarfieldP. L., Using the Dream State as a Clinical Tool for Assertion Training, Sleep Research, 4, p. 184, 1975.
12.
HearneK. M. T., Control Your Own Dreams, New Scientist, 91, pp. 783–785, 1981.
13.
GackenbachJ., Lucid Dreaming: Individual Differences in Personal Characteristics, Sleep Research, 10, p. 145, 1981.
14.
LaBergeS. P.NagelL. E.DementW. C.ZarconeV. P., Lucid Dreaming Verified by Volitional Communication during REM Sleep, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 52, pp. 727–732, 1981.
15.
GarfieldP. L., Psychological Concomitants of the Lucid Dream State, Sleep Research, 4, p. 183, 1975.
16.
OgilvieR. D.HuntH. T.TysonP. D.LucescuM. L.JeakinsD. B., Lucid Dreaming and Alpha Activity: A Preliminary Report, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 55, pp. 795–808, 1982.
17.
GackenbachJ.WallingJ.LaBergeS. P., The Lucid Dreaming Ability and Parasympathetic Functioning, Lucidity Letter, 3, pp. 3–5, 1984.
18.
WebbW. B.KerseyJ., Recall of Dreams and the Probability of Stage-1 REM Sleep, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 24, pp. 627–630, 1967.
19.
CohenJ., Weighted Kappa: Nominal Scale Agreement with Provision for Scaled Disagreement or Partial Credit, Psychological Bulletin, 70, pp. 213–220, 1968.
20.
CicchettiD. V.LeeC.FontanaA. F.DowdsB. N., A Computer Program for Assessing Specific Category Rater Agreement for Qualitative Data, Educational and Psychological Measurement, 38, pp. 805–813, 1978.
21.
CicchettiD. V., Assessing Inter-rater Reliability for Rating Scales: Resolving Some Basic Issues, British Journal of Psychiatry, 129, pp. 452–456, 1976.
