Quarry locales are often separate from where people lived. In such cases, toolstone procurement may require organized task groups to obtain the raw material and bring it to reduction areas or ultimately to use and then discard zones, rather than ad hoc opportunism. Patterning and cases that diverge from the expected are examined to better understand the relationship between places where populations use their tools and the locations where raw materials are found. In turn, by looking closely at these relationships, archaeologists may come to new conclusions about the technological systems within which tool making plays a key role. The articles that follow are dedicated to George Hamley Odell (1942-2011), who was to have been a discussant at a Society for American Archaeology (SAA) symposium on these topics presented April 19, 2012 in Memphis, Tennessee.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AndrefskyWilliamJr.1994Raw-Material Availability and the Organization of Technology, American Antiquity, 59, pp. 21–34.
2.
AndrefskyWilliamJr.1995Cascade Phase Lithic Technology: An Example from the Lower Snake River, North American Archaeologist, 16, pp. 95–115.
3.
BradleyRichard2000An Archaeology of Natural Places, Routledge, London.
4.
ClarksonChris and LambLara editors 2005Lithics “Down Under”: Australian Perspectives on Lithic Reduction, Use and Classification, Bar International Series S1408, Archaeopress, Oxford.
5.
CowanFrank L. and OdellGeorge H.1990More on Estimating Artifact Movement due to Cultivation, Journal of Archaeological Science17, pp. 67–83.
6.
DowdAnne S.1998aLithic Procurement and Social Complexity in New York's Hudson River Valley, Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island. University Microfilms/ProQuest, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
7.
DowdAnne S.1998bOperationalizing an Anthropology of Technology: Lithic Procurement and Tool Production among North American Hunter-Gatherers, Lithic Technology: From Raw Material Procurement to Tool Production, proceedings of the Workshop No. 12 of the XIII International Congress of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences, MillikenS. and PeresaniM. (eds.), M.A.C., Forli, Italy, pp. 109–113.
8.
DowdAnne S.1998cBiface Standardization Accompanying Organized Chert Quarrying Efforts: An Argument for Intensifying Lithic Production, Craft Specialization: Operational Sequences and Beyond, Papers from the European Association of Archaeologists Third Annual Meeting at Ravenna 1997, Volume IV, MillikenS. and VidaleM. (eds.), Bar International Series 720, pp. 69–75.
9.
DowdAnne S.2013From Source to Center: Raw Material Acquisition and Toolstone Distributions, The SAA Archaeological Record, 13:3, pp. 14–17.
10.
ElstonRobert (compiler) 2006Tosawihi Quarries: Archaeological Investigations and Ethnographic Studies in Nevada, Cultural Resource Series 16, U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Nevada.
11.
Feblot-AugustinsJ.1993Mobility Strategies in the Late Middle Paleolithic of Central Europe and Western Europe: Elements of Stability and Variability, Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 12, pp. 211–265.
12.
FlanneryKent1968Archaeological Systems Theory and Early Mesoamerica, in Anthropological Archeology of the Americas, MeggarsB. J. (ed.), Anthropological Society of Washington, pp. 67–87.
13.
GouldRichard A. and SaggersSherry1985Lithic Procurement in Central Australia: A Closer Look at Binford's Idea of Embeddedness in Archaeology, American Antiquity, 50:3, pp. 638–644.
14.
IngbarE. E.1994Lithic Material Selection and Technological Organization, in The Organization of North American Prehistoric Chipped Stone Technologies, CarrP. (ed.), International Monographs in Prehistory, Ann Arbor, Michigan, pp. 45–56.
15.
MacDonaldDouglas H.1999Modeling Folsom Mobility, Technological Organization, and Mating Strategies in the Northern Plains, Plains Anthropologist, 44, pp. 141–161.
16.
MacDonaldDouglas H. and HewlettBarry S.1999Reproductive Interests and Forager Mobility, Current Anthropology40:4, pp. 501–523.
17.
McCallGrant2012In Memory of George H. Odell, Lithic Technology, 37:1, pp. 3–4.
18.
MitchellD. R. and ShackleyM. S.1995Classic Period Hohokam Obsidian Studies in Southern Arizona, Journal of Field Archaeology, 22, pp. 291–304.
19.
NowellApril and DavidsonIain editors 2012Stone Tools and the Evolution of Human Cognition, University Press of Colorado, Boulder.
20.
OdellGeorge H.1975Micro-Wear in Perspective: A Sympathetic Response to Lawrence H. Keeley, World Archaeology, 7:2, pp. 226–240.
21.
OdellGeorge H.1979A New and Improved System for the Retrieval of Functional Information from Microscopic Observations of Chipped Stone Tools, in Lithic Use-Wear Analysis, HaydenB. (ed.), Academic Press, New York, pp. 329–344.
22.
OdellGeorge H.1980Toward a More Behavioral Approach to Archaeological Lithic Concentrations, American Antiquity, 45:3, pp. 404–431.
23.
OdellGeorge H.1981aThe Morphological Express at Function Junction: Searching for Meaning in Lithic Tool Types, Journal of Anthropological Research, 37:4, pp. 319–342.
24.
OdellGeorge H.1981bThe Mechanics of Use-Breakage of Stone Tools: Some Testable Hypotheses, Journal of Field Archaeology, 8:2, pp. 197–209.
25.
OdellGeorge H.1982Some Additional Perspectives on Appropriate Models and Analogs for Hunter-Gatherer Populations, American Antiquity, 47:1, pp. 192–198.
26.
OdellGeorge H.1984Chert Resource Availability in the Lower Illinois Valley: A Transect Sample, in Prehistoric Chert Exploitation: Studies from the Midcontinent, ButlerB. M. and MayE. E. (eds.), Occasional Paper 2, Center for Archaeological Investigations, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, pp. 45–68.
27.
OdellGeorge H.1985aSmall Sites Archaeology and Use-Wear on Surface-Collected Artifacts, Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology, 10:1, pp. 21–48.
28.
OdellGeorge H.1985bArchaic Lithic Assemblages from the Stratified Napoleon Hollow Site in Illinois, Wisconsin Archaeologist, 66, pp. 327–358.
29.
OdellGeorge H.1988Addressing Prehistoric Hunting Practices though Stone Tool Analysis, American Anthropologist, 90:2, pp. 335–356.
30.
OdellGeorge H.1989Fitting Analytical Techniques to Prehistoric Problems with Lithic Data, Alternative Approaches to Lithic Analysis, HenryD. O. and OdellG. H. (eds.), Archeological Papers of the American Archaeological Association, No. 1, pp. 159–182.
31.
OdellGeorge H.1992Bewitched by Mechanical Site Testing Devices, American Antiquity, 57:4, pp. 692–703.
32.
OdellGeorge H.1993A North American Perspective on Recent Archeological Stone Tool Research, Palimpseto (Buenos Aries), 3, pp. 109–122.
33.
OdellGeorge H.1994aAssessing Hunter-Gatherer Mobility in the Illinois Valley: Exploring Ambiguous Results, in The Organization of North American Prehistoric Chipped Stone Technologies, CarrP. J. (ed.), International Monographs in Prehistory, Ann Arbor, Michigan, pp. 70–86.
34.
OdellGeorge H.1994bPrehistoric Hafting and Mobility in the North American Midcontinent: Examples from Illinois, Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 13, pp. 51–73.
35.
OdellGeorge H.1994cThe Role of Stone Bladelets in Middle Woodland Society, American Antiquity, 59, pp. 102–120.
36.
OdellGeorge H.1995Is Anybody Listening to the Russians?Lithic Technology, 20, pp. 40–52.
37.
OdellGeorge H.1996Stone Tools and Mobility in the Illinois Valley: From Hunter-Gatherer Camps to Agricultural Villages, International Monographs in Prehistory, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
38.
OdellGeorge H.1998Investigating Correlates of Sedentism and Domestication in Prehistoric North America, American Antiquity, 63, pp. 553–572.
39.
OdellGeorge H.1999Stone Tools: Theoretical Insights into Human Prehistory, Springer, New York.
40.
OdellGeorge H.2000Stone Tool Research at the End of the Millennium: Procurement and Technology, Journal of Archaeological Research, 8:4, pp. 269–331.
41.
OdellGeorge H.2001aStone Tool Research at the End of the Millennium: Classification, Function, and Behavior, Journal of Archaeological Research, 9:1, pp. 45–100.
42.
OdellGeorge H.2001bResearch Problems R Us, American Antiquity, 66:4, pp. 679–685.
43.
OdellGeorge H.2001cThe Use of Metal at a Wichita Contact Settlement, Southeastern Archaeology, 20:2, pp. 173–187.
44.
OdellGeorge H.2002La Harpe's Post: A Tale of French-Wichita Contact on the Eastern Plains, University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.
45.
OdellGeorge H.2003Wichita Tools on First Contact with the French, in Stone Tool Traditions in the Contact Era, CobbC. R. (ed.), The University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa, pp. 29–50.
46.
OdellGeorge H.2004Lithic Analysis, Kluwer/Academic Press/Plenum Publishers, New York.
47.
OdellGeorge H.2009Book Review: Lithics “Down Under”: Australian Perspectives on Lithic Reduction, Use and Classification, Lithic Technology, 34:1, pp. 48–51.
48.
OdellGeorge H.2012Book Review: Flint in Focus: Lithic Biographies in the Neolithic and Bronze Age, by Anneiou van Gjin, Lithic Technology, 37:1, pp. 67–70.
49.
OdellGeorge H. and CowanFrank L.1986Experiments with Spears and Arrows on Animal Targets, Journal of Field Archaeology, 13:2, pp. 195–212.
50.
OdellGeorge H. and CowanFrank L.1987Estimating Tillage Effects on Artifact Distributions, American Antiquity, 52, pp. 456–484.
51.
OdellGeorge H. and Vereecken-OdellFrieda1980Verifying the Reliability of Lithic Use-Wear Assessments by “Blind Tests”: The Low-Power Approach, Journal of Field Archaeology, 7, pp. 87–120.
52.
PétrequinP.CassenS.ErreraM.KlassenL.SheridanA., and PétrequinA.-M., coordinators 2013JADE: Grandes haches alpines du Néolithique Européen Ve su I'VE millenaites av. J.-C.Franche-Comté University Press (PUFC) and Valleee de l'Ain Archaeological Research Center (CRAVA), Charenton-le-pont, France.
53.
RobbJohn2001Island Identities: Ritual, Travel and the Creation of Difference in Neolithic Malta, European Journal of Archaeology, 4:2, pp. 253–262.
54.
SchackleyM. S.1990Early Hunter-Gatherer Procurement Ranges in the Southwest: Evidence from Obsidian Geochemistry and Lithic Technology, unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, Tempe.
55.
SeemanM. F.1994Intercluster Lithic Patterning at Nobles Pond: A Case for “Disembedded” Procurement among Early Paleoindian Societies, American Antiquity, 59, pp. 273–288.
56.
ShingletonK. L.OdellG. L., and HarrisT. M.1994Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry Analysis of Ceramic Artefacts from a Protohistoric Site in Oklahoma, Journal of Archaeological Science, 21, pp. 343–358.
57.
ShottMichael J.BradburyAndrewCarrPhilip, and OdellGeorge H.2000Flake Size from Platform Attributes: Predictive and Empirical Approaches, Journal of Archaeological Science, 27, pp. 877–894.
58.
ShottMichael J. and TrailB. W.2012New Developments in Lithic Analysis, The SAA Archaeological Record, 12:3, pp. 12–17.
59.
TringhamRuthCooperG.OdellG. H.VoytekB., and WhitmanA.1974Experimentation in the Formation of Edge Damage: A New Approach to Lithic Analysis, Journal of Field Archaeology, 1:1–2, pp. 171–196.
60.
TrubittMary Beth D.2012A Memorial Note, Caddo Archeology Journal, 22, pp. 4–8.
61.
WrightJ. V.1994The Prehistoric Transportation of Goods in the St. Lawrence River Basin, in BaughT. and EricsonJ. (eds.), Prehistoric Exchange Systems in North America, Plenum, New York, pp. 47–71.
