It has long been recognized that knowledge of results (KOR) is essential for learning to occur in a program of instruction. Principles for the generation and use of performance data should guide the design of training devices (i.e., systems for teaching job performance) to enhance KOR and, thereby, to optimize learning in the device. These design principles have been applied in a system which uses data from performance on operational equipment as KOR for remedial practice in a training device. This system, called the Automated Performance Assessment and Readiness Training System (APARTS), is used to train Navy aviators during Field Carrier Landing Practice. This article recommends application of the principles of data transformation and presentation demonstrated in APARTS in other task areas, and offers examples of these principles and suggestions for their use in team training.
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