Much of the Middle Archaic culture period of southwestern Virginia remains a mystery. Discovery of a Guilford manifestation utilizing volcanic rhyolite for tools and weapons presents exciting potential for adding another cultural data link to this period. A large base camp/quarry and reduction station above 3300 ft. amsl, the Fairwood Horse Camp (44GY18) assemblage is 89 percent rhyolite with diagnostics over 90 percent Guilford. Attributes of other Middle Archaic sites as well as previous scholars research are reviewed and compared in the Grayson County, Mount Rogers, Virginia area.
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