Speech Intelligibility of Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate after Placement of Speech Prosthesis

Abstract

Objective:

To evaluate the speech intelligibility of patients with clefts before and after placement of a speech prosthesis.

Design:

Cross-sectional.

Setting:

Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo (HRAC/USP), Bauru, Brazil.

Patients:

Twenty-seven patients with unoperated cleft palate or operated cleft palate presenting with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) after primary palatoplasty, treated with speech prosthesis, aged 8 to 63 years.

Interventions:

Patients were fitted with palatopharyngeal obturators or pharyngeal bulbs, suitable to their dental needs. Five speech-language pathologists blindly evaluated speech samples of the patients with and without the prosthesis.

Main Outcome Measures:

Classification of speech samples according to a scoring system developed for speech intelligibility problems: 1 (normal), 2 (mild), 3 (mild to moderate), 4 (moderate), 5 (moderate to severe), and 6 (severe). Results were evaluated by the calculation of means of all judges for each patient in both situations.

Results:

The judges presented significant agreement (W = .789, p < .01). Speech intelligibility was significantly better after placement of the prosthesis for both unoperated patients (Z = 1.93, p = .02) and operated patients with VPI after primary palatoplasty (Z = 1.78, p = .03).

Conclusions:

Speech intelligibility may be improved by rehabilitation of patients with cleft palate using a speech prosthesis. Speech therapy is needed to eliminate any compensatory articulation productions developed prior to prosthetic management.