The Matrix Organization: Can the Human Factors Specialist Thrive or Merely Survive?

Abstract

An increasing amount of Human Factors (HF) Specialists are providing their services through matrix organizations. If the Human Factors Specialist is to be successful, an understanding of recent organizational research involving matrix organizations is important. This paper differentiates among three basic types of organizations: the Functional organization, the Product organization, and the Matrix organization and examines the organizational pressures that force organizations to turn to a matrix organization. The advantages and disadvantages are explored. As the matrix structure grows in popularity, Human Factors Specialists familiar with the principles of a matrix organization, will be better equipped to deliver their services in the most effective manner.