The pharmaceutical industry's traditional business model is under severe strain as a result of differential pricing and global threats to intellectual property protection. An integrative marketing program of public relations and public policy initiatives, in conjunction with key stakeholders, could motivate the creation of necessary incentives for the discovery of crucial new AIDS drugs and their delivery to global markets.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AttaranAmir (2003), Comments made in a panel discussion, The Pfizer Journal, 4 (1), 1–37.
2.
AttaranAmir, and Gillespie-WhiteLee (2001), “Do Patents for Antiretroviral Drugs Constrain Access to AIDS Treatment in Africa?”Journal of the American Medical Association, 286 (October 17), 1886–92.
ChallenerCynthia (2003), “Finding the Bright Spots in the Vanishing Pharma Pipeline,”Chemical Market Reporter, 263 (2), 4.
7.
CollinsTracy (2002), “The Pharmaceutical Companies vs. AIDS Victims: A Classic Case of Bad vs. Good? A Look at the Struggle Between International Intellectual Property Rights and Access to Treatment,”Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce, 29 (159), 159–83.
8.
DanzonP.M. (1997), “Price Discrimination for Pharmaceuticals: Welfare Effects in the U.S. and the EU,”International Journal of the Economics of Business, 4 (3), 301–321.
9.
FordNathan, and t'HoenEllen (2001), “The Global Health Fund: Moral Imperative or Industry Subsidy,”The Lancet, 358 (August 18), 578.
10.
FreemanEdward R. (1984), Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach.Boston: Pitman Publishing.
11.
WelcomeGlaxo (2000), “HIV in Developing Countries,” research report, (October 5).
12.
Global Fund (2003), “Annual Report 2002/2003,” (accessed November 2003), [available at http://www.theglobalfund.org].
13.
KapteinMuel, and Van TulderRob (2003), “Toward Effective Stakeholder Dialogue,”Business and Society Review, 108 (2), 203–224.
14.
KremerMichael (2000), “Creating Markets for New Vaccines,” in Innovation Policy and the Economy, JaffeAdam B., LernerJohn, and SternScott, eds. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 35–118.
15.
KremerMichael (2002), “Pharmaceuticals and the Developing World,”Journal of Economic Perspective, 16 (4), 67–90.
Medecins Sans Frontieres, Doctors Without Borders (2003b), “Flawed WTO Drugs Deal … Developing Countries,” (accessed November 2003), [available at http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/pr].
18.
MoranMary, and FordNathan (2003), “The G8 and Access to Medicines: No More Broken Promises,”The Lancet, 361 (May 10), 1578.
19.
National Intelligence Council (2000) “The Global Infectious Disease Threat and Its Implications for the United States,” (accessed November 2003), [available at http://www.odci.gov/nic/pubs].
20.
National Intelligence Council (2002), “The Next Wave of HIV/AIDS: Nigeria, Ethiopia, Russia, India and China,” (accessed November 2003), [available at http://www.odci.gov/nic/pubs].
21.
The New York Times (2003a), “Gates Aims Billions to Attach World's Neediest,” (July 13), A1.
22.
The New York Times (2003b), “W.H.O. Aims to Treat 3 Million for AIDS,” (December 1), A6.
23.
Oxfam (2003), “Flawed WTO Drugs Deal Will Do Little to Secure Future Access to Medicines in Developing Countries,” (accessed August 30), [available at http://www.oxfam.org].
24.
PaulJames A. (2001), “Non-Governmental Organizations,” in The Oxford Companion to Politics of the World, KriegerJoel, ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 598–601.
25.
Pharma Market Letter (2002), “Ernst & Young's First Ever Global Pharma Report Highlights Key Issues for the Future,” (December 23), [available at http://www.lexis-nexis.com].
26.
ReinhardtUwe R. (2001), “Perspectives on the Pharmaceutical Industry,”Health Affairs, 20 (September/October), 136–49.
27.
ReiselWilliam, and SamaLinda (2003), “The Distribution of Life-Saving Pharmaceuticals: Viewing the Conflict Between Social Efficiency–Economic Efficiency Through a Social Contact Lens,”Business and Society Review, 108 (3), 365–87.
28.
RosenSidney, VincentJeffrey R., MacLeodWilliam, FoxMatthew, and TheaDonald M. (2003), “AIDS Is Your Business,”Harvard Business Review, (February), 81–87.
World Business Council for Sustainable Development (2002), Stakeholder Dialogue: The WBCD's Approach to Engagement.Switzerland: World Business Council for Sustainable Development.
38.
WTO (2003), “Decision Removes Final Patent Obstacle to Cheap Drug Imports,” (accessed August 30), [available at http://www.wto.org].